分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243). 亞熱帶的
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea, South Africa, Australia. Introduced (Lessepsian) in eastern Mediterranean, Israel, Lebanon, Iskenderun, Mersin, Aegean Sea.
印度-西太平洋: 紅海，南非，澳洲。 在地中海東部，以色列，黎巴嫩， Iskenderun ， Mersin ，愛琴海中引入 (Lessepsian) 。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 37.4 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 96317); 43.1 cm TL (female); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5450); 最大体重: 1.1 kg (Ref. 127374)
背的软条 (总数) : 12 - 13; 臀鳍软条: 10 - 12.
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Essentially an inhabitant of marine waters, but enters the mouths of rivers (Ref. 4833). Several organs are very toxic, potentially lethal to humans (Ref. 43448).
实质上一个海洋的栖居动物, 但是进入河口.(参考文献 4833)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 205).印度-西太平洋: 紅海，南非，澳洲。 在地中海東部，以色列，黎巴嫩， Iskenderun ， Mersin ，愛琴海中引入 (Lessepsian) 。
Tortonese, E., 1979. Tetraodontidae. p. 645-646. In J.C. Hureau and Th. Monod (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean (CLOFNAM). UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 2730)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
人类利用
渔业: 没有兴趣
工具
特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (参考文献
123201): 21.4 - 28.4, mean 26.8 °C (based on 1189 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02188 (0.01728 - 0.02770), b=2.87 (2.83 - 2.91), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 3.7 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
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