Gymnura japonica, Japanese butterflyray : fisheries

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Gymnura japonica (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850)

Japanese butterflyray
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Gymnura japonica   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Gymnura japonica (Japanese butterflyray)
Gymnura japonica
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Classificatie / Namen Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (haaien en roggen) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Gymnuridae (Butterfly rays)
Etymology: Gymnura: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Temminck & Schlegel.

Environment: milieu / Klimaatzone / Diepte / distribution range Ecologie

marien demersaal. Tropical

Verspreiding Landen | FAO regio's | Ecosystemen | Voorkomen | Verspreidingskaart | Introducties | Faunafri

Northwest Pacific: southern Japan to the China seas. Possibly in Thailand (Ref. 9918). Reported from India (Ref. 45255).

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturiteit: Lm 57.0, range 55 - 59 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 637)

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Inhabits sandy or muddy bottom in shallow waters (Ref. 11230). Feeds on benthic animals. Spines covered with skin with poisonous glands. Ovoviviparous. Used as 'kamaboko' material (Ref. 637). Caught often by demersal trawl, trammel and gillnet fisheries, and occasionally using tangle nets.Utilized for its meat, but of limited value due to its typically small size (Ref.58048).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Gives birth to ~3 pups; born between 20-22 cm WD (Ref.58048).

Hoofdreferentie Upload uw referenties | Referenties | Coördinator : McEachran, John | Medewerkers

Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)

  Kwetsbaar (VU) (A2d); Date assessed: 29 August 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Venomous (Ref. 637)





Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: bycatch
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 17.9 - 29.1, mean 28.1 °C (based on 1500 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00351 - 0.01718), b=3.09 (2.89 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278):  3.8   ±0.61 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179):  Zeer laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd meer dan 14 jaar (Fec assumed to be <10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (60 of 100). 🛈
Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766):   Medium.