Environment: milieu / climate zone / نطاق العمق / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; مياه مخلوطة قاعية التغذية و المعيشة. Tropical
Eastern Pacific: Nicaragua to Peru (Ref. 9312). Mexico and Sea of cortez (Ref. 97273)
الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 9312); common length : 50.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 9312)
Body deep and moderately compressed, the depth much greater than head length; eyes small; upper jaw scarcely protractile; vomer, palate and tongue toothless; nostrils round and close together; preopercle distinctly serrated; lower branch of first gill arch with 15 gill rakers; in large individuals, the dorsal and anal fins, along with the caudal fin, appear like 3 caudal fins; body olive colored, speckled with dark spots; juveniles yellowish with dark spots (Ref. 55763).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Feeds mainly on benthic crustaceans and small fishes (Ref. 9312).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Heemstra, P.C., 1995. Lobotidae. Dormilonas. p. 1226. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9312)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; لعبة سمكه: نعم
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01862 (0.00834 - 0.04158), b=3.01 (2.81 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع
69278): 4.1 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
المرونه (مرجع
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 59.9 [32.6, 124.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.717 [0.411, 1.263] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [17.3, 19.2] %; Omega3 = 0.181 [0.100, 0.333] g/100g; Selenium = 77.1 [38.4, 173.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.25 [2.87, 28.56] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.81 [0.55, 1.30] mg/100g (wet weight);
