Miljö: miljö / Klimatzon / djupintervall / distributionsområde
Ekologi
marina; brackvatten pelagic-neritic; djupintervall 0 - 50 m (Ref. 189). Subtropical; 2°S - 39°S, 60°W - 32°W (Ref. 189)
Southwest Atlantic: Ceará, Brazil southward to Mar de la Plata, Argentina.
Storlek / Vikt / Ålder
Könsmognad: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 14.9 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 122735); common length : 6.5 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 189); publicerad maxvikt: 24.10 g (Ref. 122735)
Kort beskrivning
Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 0; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 16 - 19. Snout long, pointed, about 3/4 eye diameter; maxilla moderate, tip not sharply pointed, not or only just reaching to hind border of pre-operculum; gill cover canals of panamensis-type. Anal fin short, its origin below or behind midpoint of dorsal fin base. A broad silver stripe along flank, about 3/4 eye diameter.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: oval.
A schooling species found in coastal waters, but also entering brackish water. More data needed (Ref. 189). Found in markets (Ref. 37032). Largely utilized as bait for commercial fishery, oil, flour, and also canned fish (Ref. 103984).
Livscykel och parningsbeteende
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fekunditet | Larver
Spawn in school (Ref. 205).
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
Status på IUCN:s rödlista (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2)
Hot mot människor
Harmless
Mänskliga användningsområden
Fiskeri: mindre kommeriell
Verktyg
Särskilda rapporter
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Uppskattningar baserade på modeller
Önskad temperatur (Ref.
123201): 15.8 - 27.2, mean 22.6 °C (based on 64 cells).
Index för fylogenetisk mångfald (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00550 (0.00324 - 0.00932), b=3.11 (2.97 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 0.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Sårbarhet i fisket (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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