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Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Hippoglossinae
Etymology: Hippoglossus: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek, glossa = tongue (Ref. 45335); stenolepis: From the Greek hippos (horse), glossa (tounge), steno (narrow), lepis, (scale). In 1904, a Russian scientist by the name of P.J. Schmidt first proposed the scientific name based on anatomical differences such as scale shape, pectoral fin length, and body shape which he thought distinguished it from the Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus). (Ref. 94075).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / rango de profundidad / distribution range
Ecología
marino demersal; oceanodromo (Ref. 51243); rango de profundidad 0 - 1200 m (Ref. 50550). Temperate; 73°N - 42°N, 138°E - 123°W (Ref. 54557)
North Pacific: Hokkaido, Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk to the southern Chukchi Sea and Point Camalu, Baja California, Mexico.
Length at first maturity / Tamaño / Peso / Age
Madurez: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 258 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 40637); 267.0 cm TL (female); peso máximo publicado: 363.0 kg (Ref. ); edad máxima reportada: 55 años (Ref. 55701)
Short description
Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría
Espinas dorsales (total) : 0; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 90 - 106; Espinas anales: 0; Radios blandos anales: 69 - 80; Vértebra: 49 - 51. Dorsal origin above anterior part of pupil in upper eye, generally low, higher in middle. Caudal spread and slightly lunate. Pectorals small.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Found on various types of bottoms (Ref. 2850). Young are found near shore, moving out to deeper waters as they grow older (Ref. 6885). Older individuals typically move from deeper water along the edge of the continental shelf where they spend the winter, to shallow coastal water (27-274 m) for the summer (Ref. 28499). Feed on fishes, crabs, clams, squids, and other invertebrates (Ref. 6885). Utilized fresh, dried or salted, smoked and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesquerías: muy comercial; pesca deportiva: si; Acuario: Acuarios públicos
Herramientas
Special reports
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Fuentes de Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Referencia
123201): 0.3 - 5.7, mean 1.6 °C (based on 454 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Referencia
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00631 (0.00400 - 0.00995), b=3.14 (3.00 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Nivel trófico (Referencia
69278): 4.1 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliencia (Referencia
120179): Muy bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo superior a 14 años (rm=0.2; K=0.05; tm=5-20; tmax=55).
Prior r = 0.11, 95% CL = 0.07 - 0.17, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (86 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (45 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 8.89 [2.92, 21.69] mg/100g; Iron = 0.202 [0.078, 0.561] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [16, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.391 [0.169, 0.895] g/100g; Selenium = 42.3 [14.7, 110.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.8 [2.5, 41.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.412 [0.179, 0.699] mg/100g (wet weight);
