Environment: milieu / climate zone / distribuzione batimetrica / distribution range
Ecologia
marino demersale; distribuzione batimetrica 5 - 79 m (Ref. 9330). Subtropical; 37°N - 22°N
Eastern Pacific: Monterey Bay in California, USA to Gulf of California.
Size / Peso / Age
Maturità: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 63.5 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 40637); common length : 25.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 9330); peso massimo pubblicato: 4.0 kg (Ref. 40637)
Short description
Chiavi di identificazione | Morfologia | Morfometria
Inhabits muddy and sandy bottoms, from 4.6-79 m depth. Usually buried in bottoms. Feeds almost exclusively on crustaceans. Marketed fresh (Ref. 9330).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecundity | Larve
Oviparous (Ref. 101737). Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Females produce numerous eggs in multiple spawnings during a prolonged spawning period (Ref. 101737).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesca: scarso interesse commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si
Strumenti
Special reports
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Fonti Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Fonte Biblio.
123201): 18.2 - 23.3, mean 22.2 °C (based on 24 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Fonte Biblio.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00436 - 0.01383), b=3.17 (3.02 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Fonte Biblio.
69278): 3.5 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio.
120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (45 of 100).
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