Environment: milieu / climate zone / نطاق العمق / distribution range
البيئة
بحري القاع; محيطية (Ref. 51243); نطاق العمق 30 - 1000 m. Subtropical; 40°S - 57°S, 76°W - 55°W (Ref. 1371)
Southeast Pacific and Southwest Atlantic: Patagonian region of Chile and Argentina, including the Falkland Islands and the Strait of Magellan.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 1371)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 0; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 59 - 70; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 54 - 63; فقرات: 52 - 54. A small variably shaped patch of teeth on head of vomer. Pectoral fin extending beyond anal fin origin. Ventral light organ present. Color uniformly brown; fins dark-edged (Ref. 1371). Caudal fin rounded (Ref. 27363).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: oval.
Highest catches at 235 m. Females attain larger sizes than males. Larger individuals of both sexes move into deeper water. Utilized mainly for fishmeal; can be fried, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (مرجع
123201): 3.3 - 7.7, mean 5.7 °C (based on 115 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00468 (0.00277 - 0.00790), b=3.11 (2.96 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع
69278): 4.4 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
المرونه (مرجع
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Assuming tm=2-3).
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 58 [29, 126] mg/100g; Iron = 0.945 [0.508, 1.791] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [15.2, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.26 [0.13, 0.50] g/100g; Selenium = 44.8 [20.4, 95.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 23.2 [6.5, 84.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.592 [0.395, 0.902] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
