Issue
Specimens mentioned by Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes (1850: 211) and Bertin (1948: 26) are not types, only historical, all collected after original description by Cuvier (1818). See Boujard, Sabatier, Rojas-Beltran, Prevost & Renno (1990) for details on foods habits. See Lecomte, Boujard, Meunier, Renno and Rojas Beltarn (1993) for details on growth biology. Synonymy above is based on personal observation and examination of types.
Environment: milieu / Klimaatzone / Diepte / distribution range
Ecologie
; zoet water benthopelagisch. Tropical
South America: Amazon River basin, north and east Guiana Shield rivers.
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturiteit: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.7 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 111518); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 5.0 kg (Ref. ); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 5.0 kg
Occurs along the calm banks of main rivers and also near the rapids. During the rainy season when growth is maximal, it feeds on fruits and consumes the seeds of palm trees like Euterpa oleracea, Taralea oppositifolia, Mauritia flexuosa and other plants like Inga sp. and Psidium sp. which they crush with their strong jaws. During the dry season, their diet consists more of aquatic plants like Mourea fluviatilis and Apinagia richardiana and gastropods and fish (Ref. 12225). Its flesh is excellent but it is preferable not to consume it at the end of the rainy season because then its flesh is very high in fat (Ref. 27188).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Distinct pairing during copulation (Ref. 205).
Planquette, P., P. Keith and P.-Y. Le Bail, 1996. Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de Guyane. Tome 1. Collection du Patrimoine Naturel Volume 22, MNHN, Paris & INRA, Paris. 429 p. (Ref. 12225)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Tools
Speciale rapporten
Download XML
Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02089 (0.01162 - 0.03757), b=2.97 (2.81 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 2.6 ±0.23 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (tmax=5; k=0.44).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
🛈
