Classification / Names
ຊື່ສາມັນ | ຄຳສັບຄ້າຍຄືກັນ | Catalog of Fishes(ຕະກຸນ, ຊະນິດ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ / distribution range
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
; ນ້ຳຈືດ ກ່ຽວກັບ (ຢູ່)ເທິງຊັ້ນພື້ນດິນໃນທະເລເປີດ; pH range: 7.2 - 8.0; dH range: 12 - 25. Temperate; 8°C - 24°C (Ref. 12468)
Europe: Adriatic basin from Soca to Po drainages (Italy, Switzerland, Slovenia) and small coastal streams at Zadar, Croatia. Widely introduced in Italy.
ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age
ການຈະເລີນເຕັມໄວ: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 26.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 117028); ອາຍຸສູງສຸດທີ່ເຄຍລາຍງານມາ: 7 ປີ (Ref. 59043)
ຄີຫຼັງຂອງປາ (ຄີອ່ອນ) (ທັງໝົດ) : 12; ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ: 12. Leucos aula is distinguished from all congeners by having a middle lateral band and a smaller head length, which in fish of comparable size is less than 4.5 times in the SL, except L.
panosi, and more than 4.0 times in the others species. It further differs by having 12 modal scales around caudal peduncle (vs. 14) (Ref. 96829). It can be diagnosed from its congeners in Apennine Peninsula by having the following characters: dorsal and anal fins with 9½ branched rays; 36-42 (usually 38-39) scales along lateral line; mouth subterminal; pelvic, pectoral and anal fins greyish; eye red in life; conspicuous dark brown midlateral stripe from eye to caudal fin base (Ref. 59043).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Found in canals, swamps, lakes and streams with slow current and dense vegetation (Ref. 59043). Prefers to inhabit lakes and still waters of rivers; does not thrive in moderately to fast flowing rivers (Ref. 96829). Lives in groups. Omnivorous, feeding mainly on insect larvae, other invertebrates, algae and aquatic macrophytes. Spawns in small groups composed of one female and several males. Deposits eggs on aquatic vegetation (Ref. 59043). Age at first maturity is 1+ or 2+ for males and 2+ for females; maximum age observed is 7+ years (Ref. 96829). Abundant, but locally declining due to the introduction of Carassius gibelio, Ctenopharyngodon idella and Silurus glanis ( in lakes). There are introduced populations locally responsible for extirpation of Rutilus rubilio (Ref. 59043).
Life cycle and mating behavior
ການຈະເລີນເຕັມໄວ | ການສືບພັນ | ການວາງໄຂ່ | ໄຂ່ | ຄວາມດົກຂອງໄຂ່ປາ | ຕົວອ່ອນ
Bianco, P.G. and V. Ketmaier, 2014. A revision of the Rutilus complex from Mediterranean Europe with description of a new genus, Sarmarutilus, and a new species, Rutilus stoumboudae (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Zootaxa 3481(3):379-402. (Ref. 96829)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
ການປະມົງ: ທີ່ບໍ່ມີຄວາມສົນໃຈ; ຊະນິດປາທີ່ຖືກນຳໃຊ້ເຂົ້າໃນການຫາເພື່ອເປັນເກມກິລາ: ແມ່ນ
ເຄື່ອງມື
Special reports
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ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00358 - 0.01465), b=3.14 (2.97 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
69278): 2.8 ±0.30 se; based on food items.
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
120179): ຂະໜາດກາງ, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 1.4 - 4.4 ປີ (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).
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