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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Anodontostoma: Greek, ana = up + Greek, odous = teeth + Greek, stoma = mouth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Hamilton.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / kisaran kedalaman / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; air tawar; payau pelagic-neritic; anadromus (ruaya dari laut ke air tawar) (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188). Tropical; 31°N - 23°S, 47°E - 171°E (Ref. 188)
Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf to coasts of India and Andaman Sea, to Gulf of Thailand, Indonesia, Viet Nam, and Philippines, south to northern Australia, the Caroline Islands and New Caledonia.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Kematangan: Lm 14.1 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 22.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 54980); common length : 14.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 3107)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 0; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 17 - 25. Body depth increasing with size of fish, 40 to 70 % standard length in fishes over 10 cm. Second supra-maxilla a mere splint. Longest gill rakers on lower part of arch less than corresponding gill filaments. Hind edges of scales toothed, the teeth thinner than the gaps between them; a median series of pre-dorsal scales. A large black spot behind gill opening.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Pelagic inshore (Ref. 68964). Usually marine coastal, but ascends rivers to the upper tidal zone (Ref. 12693). Occurs inshore and also in estuaries. Feeds on diatoms, radiolarians, mollusks, copepods, and crustaceans (in that order of importance, at least in the Godavari estuary). Breeds from November to February, mainly in the later part (Godavari estuary). Marketed fresh, frozen, dried, dried-salted or boiled. Made into fish balls.
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Acuan
123201): 26.5 - 29.1, mean 28.3 °C (based on 1250 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00891 (0.00780 - 0.01019), b=3.05 (3.01 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Acuan
69278): 2.8 ±0.28 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (K=0.9-1.3).
Prior r = 1.19, 95% CL = 0.79 - 1.79, Based on 4 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 282 [162, 519] mg/100g; Iron = 2.3 [1.3, 3.8] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.416 [0.233, 0.743] g/100g; Selenium = 53.1 [26.1, 110.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.1 [4.9, 28.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.17 [1.53, 3.17] mg/100g (wet weight);
