Issue
Issue on validity of subspecies: subspecies considered as valid in FB, elevated to species rank as Oxyporhamphus micropterus (Valenciennes, 1847) in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. Mar. 2011: Ref. 86697). Please send references, or more studies are needed.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / distribuzione batimetrica / distribution range
Ecologia
marino pelagic-oceanic; oceanodromo (Ref. 51243); distribuzione batimetrica 0 - 1 m (Ref. 58302). Tropical; 20°N - 20°S
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Tonga, north to southern Japan (Ref. 33390). Eastern Pacific: Mexico to Peru (Ref. 9306). Replaced in the Atlantic by Oxyporhamphus similis.
Length at first maturity / Size / Peso / Age
Maturità: Lm 12.8, range 13 - 13 cm
Max length : 18.5 cm SL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 9843)
Spine dorsali (totale) : 0; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 13 - 15; Spine anali: 0; Raggi anali molli: 13 - 16; Vertebre: 47 - 50. Adults with a single large chamber to the swim bladder. Average number of gill rakers on the first arch, 30.7; predorsal scales, 31.1 on the average. Branchiostegal rays: 11-14 (Ref. 36576).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
A true oceanic species, not bound to coastal waters at any period of its life (Ref. 9843).This species is the only halfbeak which doesn't have an extended lower jaw at the adult phase (Ref. 9306). Oviparous, with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 36576).
Collette, B.B., 1986. Hemiramphidae. p. 388-391. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4164)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesca: bycatch
Strumenti
Special reports
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Fonti Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Fonte Biblio.
123201): 26.3 - 29.2, mean 27.9 °C (based on 25608 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Fonte Biblio.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00331 (0.00150 - 0.00733), b=3.08 (2.90 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Fonte Biblio.
69278): 3.1 ±0.15 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio.
120179): Alto, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione meno di 15 mesi (K=1.0).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
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