Environment: milieu / climate zone / rango de profundidad / distribution range
Ecología
marino demersal; rango de profundidad 23 - 306 m (Ref. 9342). Subtropical; 34°N - 19°S, 120°W - 70°W
Eastern Pacific: Playa del Rey in southern California, USA to Peru.
Tamaño / Peso / Age
Madurez: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 42.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 9342); peso máximo publicado: 680.00 g (Ref. 40637)
A sharp spine projecting anteriorly from ventral border of urohyal (Ref. 40817).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Probably forms schools and lives near the bottom in deep waters (Ref. 9342). Of some commercial importance in zones where it is abundant (Ref. 9342).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesquerías: escaso valor comercial
Herramientas
Special reports
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Fuentes de Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Referencia
123201): 13 - 21.4, mean 15.2 °C (based on 78 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Referencia
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00514 - 0.02450), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nivel trófico (Referencia
69278): 3.7 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliencia (Referencia
120179): Medio, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 1.4-4.4 años (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
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