Cephalopholis leopardus, Leopard hind : fisheries

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Cephalopholis leopardus (Lacepède, 1801)

Leopard hind
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Cephalopholis leopardus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Cephalopholis leopardus (Leopard hind)
Cephalopholis leopardus
Picture by Greenfield, J.

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Cephalopholis: Greek, kephale = head + Greek, pholis = scale (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lacepède.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋 礁区鱼类; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 0 - 40 m (Ref. 9710), usually 3 - 20 m (Ref. 37816). 熱帶; 31°N - 20°S, 40°E - 148°W (Ref. 5222)

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: East Africa (but not the Red Sea, Persian Gulf or South Africa) to the Society Islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia. Including most islands of the Indian Ocean and that of the west-central Pacific (Ref. 5222). Record from Rodriguez by Heemstra & Randall (1984, Ref. 3153) could not be verified and is probably erroneous (Ref. 33390).
印度-太平洋: 東非 (但是不是紅海, 波斯灣或南非) 到社會群島, 北至琉球群島, 南至澳洲北部。 包括印度洋與中西太平洋的大多數的島嶼。 (參考文獻 5222) 從羅德里格斯記錄由 Heemstra& Randall(1984, 參考文獻 3153) 無法確認而且可能是錯誤的.(參考文獻 33390)

大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 24.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9710); 最大体重: 35.64 g (Ref. 124708)

简单描述 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数): 9; 背的软条 (总数): 13-15; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 9 - 10. Resembles C. urodeta, but always has a distinctive dark saddle on caudal peduncle (Ref. 37816); characterized further by reddish brown head with numerous red-orange or pinkish red spots, extending to pectoral region; mottled pinkish brown body; upper caudal-fin base with large dark brown saddle with smaller saddle just behind; upper part of caudal fin with dark brown streak, less intense streak on lower part; ctenoid scales on body including abdomen; greatest depth of body 2.6-2.9 in SL; rounded caudal fin; pelvic fins, 2.0-2.3 in head length (Ref. 90102).
C. urodeta 相似, 但是总是有一个特殊的黑色鞍状斑块在尾梗上.(参考文献 37816)

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Occurs in coral-rich areas of lagoon pinnacles, channels, and outer reef slopes. Solitary (Ref. 37816), a secretive species, usually hiding in caves and crevices in the reefs. One of the smallest species of groupers known. Omnivorous with diet composed of fishes and crustaceans; relatively low egg production per individual (Ref. 089707). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128797.

出现于舄湖峰顶,峡道与外礁斜坡的珊瑚丰富的区域。 独居性 (参考文献 37816), 一个躲躲藏藏的种, 通常藏在礁的洞穴与裂隙中。 被知道的鲈科鱼类的最小种之一。 肠道分析显示了甲壳动物残余物。

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

印度-太平洋: 東非 (但是不是紅海, 波斯灣或南非) 到社會群島, 北至琉球群島, 南至澳洲北部。 包括印度洋與中西太平洋的大多數的島嶼。 (參考文獻 5222) 從羅德里格斯記錄由 Heemstra& Randall(1984, 參考文獻 3153) 無法確認而且可能是錯誤的.(參考文獻 33390)

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者

Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  最不相关 (LC) ; Date assessed: 02 November 2017

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的





人类利用

渔业: 低经济
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | 周边海洋

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网络资源

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: , | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因组, 核苷酸 | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | 国家资料库 | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia: 转至, 搜寻 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 动物学的记录

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 26.6 - 29, mean 28.1 °C (based on 550 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00590 - 0.02687), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  4.0   ±0.66 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 66.8 [36.6, 120.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.566 [0.306, 1.088] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [16.8, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.176 [0.106, 0.290] g/100g; Selenium = 31.5 [14.7, 56.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 126 [43, 400] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.979 [0.689, 1.621] mg/100g (wet weight);