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	<dc:identifier>FB-7727</dc:identifier>
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	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Syngnathiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Syngnathidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Halicampus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Halicampus grayi Kaup, 1856</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Gray's pipefish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Mud pipefish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Spiny pipefish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ja'>Umiyakko</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='vi'>Cá Chìa vôi gai</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Dagum-dagum</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Te kekerikaki</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>海蝎魚</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>海蝎鱼</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>葛氏海蠋魚</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>葛氏海蠋鱼</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Halicampus conspicillatus Kaup, 1856</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Halicampus gray Kaup, 1856</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Halicampus koilomatodon (Bleeker, 1858)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Syngnathus koilomatodon Bleeker, 1858</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Syngnathus trachypoma Günther, 1884</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Trachyrhamphus caba Seale, 1910</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1993-03-26</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2011-07-08</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=7727'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=275&amp;speccode=7727'>Hiatt, R.W. and D.W. Strasburg0 Ecological relationships of the fish fauna on coral reefs of the Marshall Islands. Ecol. Monogr. 30(1):65-127. (Ref. 275)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=280&amp;speccode=7727'>Herre, A.W.C.T.0 Check list of Philippine fishes. Res. Rep. U.S. Fish Wild. Serv. (20):1-977. (Ref. 280)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=559&amp;speccode=7727'>Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino0 The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1830&amp;speccode=7727'>Eschmeyer, W.N.0 Catalog of the genera of recent fishes. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA. 697 p. (Ref. 1830)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2857&amp;speccode=7727'>Herre, A.W.C.T. and A.F. Umali0 English and local common names of Philippine fishes. U. S. Dept. of Interior and Fish and Wildl. Serv. Circular No. 14, U. S. Gov't Printing Office, Washington. 128 p. (Ref. 2857)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=7727'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5316&amp;speccode=7727'>Dawson, C.E.0 Indo-Pacific pipefishes (Red Sea to the Americas). The Gulf Coast Research Laboratory Ocean Springs, Mississippi, USA. (Ref. 5316)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9706&amp;speccode=7727'>Nguyen, H.P. and N.T. Nguyen0 Checklist of marine fishes in Vietnam. Vol. 2. Osteichthyes, from Elopiformes to Mugiliformes. Science and Technics Publishing House, Vietnam. (Ref. 9706)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26165&amp;speccode=7727'>Weitkamp, D.E. and R.D. Sullivan0 Gas bubble disease in resident fish of the lower Clark Fork River. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 132(5):865-876. (Ref. 26165)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26907&amp;speccode=7727'>Herald, E.S.0 Pipefishes and seahorses as food for tuna. Calif. Fish Game 35(4):329. (Ref. 26907)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27857&amp;speccode=7727'>Goo, F.C.C. and A.H. Banner0 A preliminary compilation of Gilbertese animal and plant names. Manuscript prepared under Contract SA-43-ph-3741. National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. (Ref. 27857)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-9534-693-0-1.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=30915&amp;speccode=7727'>Lourie, S.A., A.C.J. Vincent and H.J. Hall0 Seahorses: an identification guide to the world's species and their conservation. Project Seahorse, London. 214 p. (Ref. 30915)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=7727'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=7727'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=34634&amp;speccode=7727'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory (GCRL). The Gulf Coast Research Laboratory (GCRL), Ocean Springs, Mississippi, USA. (Ref. 34634)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35508&amp;speccode=7727'>Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36648&amp;speccode=7727'>Randall, J.E. and K.K.P. Lim (eds.)0 A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. Raffles Bull. Zool. Suppl. (8):569-667. (Ref. 36648)</reference>
	<reference isbn='974-89954-6-1.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=37773&amp;speccode=7727'>Monkolprasit, S., S. Sontirat, S. Vimollohakarn and T. Songsirikul0 Checklist of Fishes in Thailand. Office of Environmental Policy and Planning, Bangkok, Thailand. 353 p. (Ref. 37773)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=7727'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40919&amp;speccode=7727'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. (Ref. 40919)</reference>
	<reference isbn='92-3-103449-9(pbk.).' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43081&amp;speccode=7727'>Jeyaseelan, M.J.P.0 Manual of fish eggs and larvae from Asian mangrove waters. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Paris. 193 p. (Ref. 43081)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43515&amp;speccode=7727'>Shao, K.-T., J.-P. Chen, P.-H. Kao and C.-Y. Wu0 Fish fauna and their geographical distribution along the western coast of Taiwan. Acata Zoologica Taiwanica 4(2):113-140. (Ref. 43515)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=46970&amp;speccode=7727'>Van Quan, N.0 List of 400 marine Vietnamese names from museum records of Haiphong Institute of Oceanography. Personal Communication, May 2003. (word file). (Ref. 46970)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=47567&amp;speccode=7727'>Allen, G.R. and M. Adrim0 Coral reef fishes of Indonesia. Zool. Stud. 42(1):1-72. (Ref. 47567)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=47843&amp;speccode=7727'>Huang, Z.0 Marine species and their distribution in China's seas. p. 404-463. Vertebrata. Smithsonian Institution, Florida, USA. 598 p. (Ref. 47843)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=48497&amp;speccode=7727'>Hardy, J.D. Jr. (comp.)0 Coral reef fish species. NOAANational Oceanographic Data Center. NODC Coral Reef Data and Information Management System. USA. 537 p. (Ref. 48497)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=48635&amp;speccode=7727'>Kuiter, R.H. and T. Tonozuka0 Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 1. Eels- Snappers, Muraenidae - Lutjanidae. Zoonetics, Australia. 1-302. (Ref. 48635)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-01-6879-X' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=55073&amp;speccode=7727'>Chen, C.-H.0 Checklist of the fishes of Penghu. FRI Special Publication No. 4. 175 p. (Ref. 55073)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57879&amp;speccode=7727'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Science (CAFS)0 Database of genetic resources of aquatic organisms in China (as of January 2007). Chinese Academy of Fishery Science. (Ref. 57879)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58078&amp;speccode=7727'>Baissac, J. de B.0 SWIOP/WP/54 - Checklist of the marine fishes of Mauritius. RAF/87/008/WP/54/90 Regional Project for the Development &amp; Management of Fisheries in the Southwest Indian Ocean. (Ref. 58078)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=7727'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75154&amp;speccode=7727'>Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen0 Fishes. In Beasley, O.L. and A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 35 Australia: ABRS &amp; CSIRO Publishing, 2178 p. (Ref. 75154)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=87596&amp;speccode=7727'>Rajan, P.T., C.R. Sreeraj and T. Immanuel0 Fish fauna of coral reef, mangrove, freshwater, offshore and seagrass beds of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Zoological Survey of India, Andaman and Nicobar Regional Centre, Haddo, Port Blair. (Ref. 87596)</reference>
	<reference isbn='9780987260000' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90102&amp;speccode=7727'>Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann0 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1849954984' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128868&amp;speccode=7727'>Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. 	Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130413&amp;speccode=7727'>Wu, Y., X. Wang, S. Liu, H. Luo and Q. Lin0 Population genetic structure and phylogenetic analysis of gray's pipefish, &lt;i&gt;Halicampus grayi&lt;/i&gt; in the South China Sea. Genes &amp; Genomics 42:155-164. (Ref. 130413)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137577&amp;speccode=7727'>Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577)</reference><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-03-26 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2011-07-08 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Adults live in muddy habitats, often covered with silt and extremely well-camouflaged (Ref. 48635).  Planktonic specimens taken in the upper 0 to 100 m over depths to at least 2980 m while the demersal fish have been taken in SCUBA and trawl collections from 9 to 91.4 m.  Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205).  Males exhibit parental care by incubating and guarding the eggs in their brood pouch (Ref. 43081).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5316&amp;speccode=7727'>Dawson, C.E. 1985 Indo-Pacific pipefishes (Red Sea to the Americas). The Gulf Coast Research Laboratory Ocean Springs, Mississippi, USA. (Ref. 5316)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Kristine Santos</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2003-10-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-02-27 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:description>Short-snouted species with large eyes (Ref. 48635).Description:  Characterized by mottled brown color, usually with greyish saddles across dorsum and whitish blotches on side; 10 caudal rays; ring 17 - 18 + 32 - 37; discontinuous superior trunk and tail ridges; inferior trunk ridge ending at anal ring; lateral trunk ridge confluent with inferior tail ridge; length of snout 2.0-2.6 in head length; depth of snout 3.3-5.3 in  snout length; head length 7.7-10.9 in SL (Ref. 90102).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=48635&amp;speccode=7727'>Kuiter, R.H. and T. Tonozuka 2001 Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 1. Eels- Snappers, Muraenidae - Lutjanidae. Zoonetics, Australia. 1-302. (Ref. 48635)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Kristine Santos</agent>
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	<dc:description>Dorsal soft rays (total): 19 - 22; Analsoft rays: 4</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=48635&amp;speccode=7727'>Kuiter, R.H. and T. Tonozuka 2001 Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 1. Eels- Snappers, Muraenidae - Lutjanidae. Zoonetics, Australia. 1-302. (Ref. 48635)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Indo-West Pacific:  Gulf of Aden, off Sri Lanka, and from the Gulf of Thailand and Australia to Kyûshû Islands, Japan.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5316&amp;speccode=7727'>Dawson, C.E. 1985 Indo-Pacific pipefishes (Red Sea to the Americas). The Gulf Coast Research Laboratory Ocean Springs, Mississippi, USA. (Ref. 5316)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-03-26 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2011-07-08 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=7727&amp;StockCode=8037</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Males carry the eggs in the brood pouch (Ref. 205).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='92-3-103449-9(pbk.).' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43081&amp;speccode=7727'>Jeyaseelan, M.J.P. 1998 Manual of fish eggs and larvae from Asian mangrove waters. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Paris. 193 p. (Ref. 43081)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1997-04-07 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:source>grayi</dc:source>
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	<dc:description>Found on the continental shelf (Ref. 75154).  Both larval and adult forms occur in mangroves (Ref. 43081).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=275&amp;speccode=7727'>Hiatt, R.W. and D.W. Strasburg 1960 Ecological relationships of the fish fauna on coral reefs of the Marshall Islands. Ecol. Monogr. 30(1):65-127. (Ref. 275)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dc:description>20.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 5316))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5316&amp;speccode=7727'>Dawson, C.E. 1985 Indo-Pacific pipefishes (Red Sea to the Americas). The Gulf Coast Research Laboratory Ocean Springs, Mississippi, USA. (Ref. 5316)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
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	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-7727</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-03-26 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2011-07-08 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7727</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>reef-associated; brackish; marine; depth range ? - 100 m (Ref. 48635)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=48635&amp;speccode=7727'>Kuiter, R.H. and T. Tonozuka 2001 Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 1. Eels- Snappers, Muraenidae - Lutjanidae. Zoonetics, Australia. 1-302. (Ref. 48635)</reference></dataObject>
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