FB-6885 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6885 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cichliformes Cichlidae Heterochromis Heterochromis multidens (Pellegrin, 1900) Hammastilapia Paratilapia habereri Steindachner, 1912 Paratilapia multidens Pellegrin, 1900 Paratilapia xenodon Nichols & Griscom, 1917 Pelmatochromis multidens (Pellegrin, 1900) Pelmatochromis polyodon Boulenger, 1902 Pelmatochromis taeniatus (non Boulenger, 1901) 1992-12-16 2024-01-25 Boulenger, G.A.0 Additions à la faune ichthyologique du bassin du Congo. Ann. Mus. Congo, Zool. (1), 2(2):19-57. (Ref. 1884) Boulenger, G.A.0 Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III. Printed by order of the Trustees, London. 526 p. (Ref. 2989) Poll, M.0 Les genres des poissons d'eau douce de l'Afrique. Ann. Mus. R. Congo Belge, série in-8°, Sci. Zool., 54:191 p. (Ref. 3062) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Teugels, G.G. and J. Snoeks0 Heterochromis. p. 197. I:J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Checklist of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5647) Ufermann, A., R. Allgayer and M. Geerts (eds.)0 Cichlid catalogue (Pisces, Perciformes, Cichlidae Bonaparte, 1840). Vol. 1. Alphabetical catalogue of the cichlid fishes. Mr. Robert Allgayer, 15 rue des Hirondelles, 67350 Dauendorf, France. 1987:i-xv, 439 p. (Ref. 13271) Swedish Museum of Natural History0 Fish collection database of the Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Swedish Museum of Natural History). Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden. (Ref. 31402) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Matthes, H.0 Les poissons du lac Tumba et de la région d'Ikela. Étude systématique et écologique. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., série in-8°, Sci. Zool. 126:204 p. (Ref. 41580) David, L. and M. Poll0 Contribution à la faune ichthyologique du Congo Belge: collections du Dr. H. Schouteden (1924-1926) et d'autres récolteurs. Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Zool. (1), 3(5):189-294. (Ref. 41590) Nichols, J.T. and L. Griscom0 Fresh-water fishes of the Congo basin obtained by the American Museum Congo Expedition, 1909-1915. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 37(25):653-756. (Ref. 41594) Poll, M. and J.P. Gosse0 Contribution à l'étude systématique de la faune ichthyologique du Congo central. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sér. in-8°, Sci. Zool., 116:43-110. (Ref. 42033) Pellegrin, J.0 Poissons de l'Ogôoué, du Kouilou, de l'Alima et de la Sangha recueillis par M.A. Baudon. Description de cinq espèces et cinq variétés nouvelles. Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. 55:196-210. (Ref. 42035) Holly, M.0 Synopsis der Süßwasserfische Kameruns. Sber. Akad. Wiss. Wien 139(3-4):195-281. (Ref. 42909) Lippitsch, E.0 Scale and squamation character polarity and phyletic assessment in the family Cichlidae. J. Fish Biol. 47(1):91-106. (Ref. 44520) Gosse, J.-P.0 Les poissons du bassin de l'Ubangi. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Doc. Zool., 13:56 p. (Ref. 45441) Steindachner, F.0 Zur Fischfauna des Dscha, eines sekundären Nebenflusses des Kongo, im Bezirke Molundu, Kamerun. Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien 89:1-64. (Ref. 46901) Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086) Lamboj, A.0 The cichlid fishes of Western Africa. Birgit Schmettkamp Verlag, Bornheim, Germany. 255 p. (Ref. 52307) Regan, C.T.0 The Classification of the Fishes of the Family Cichlidae. - II. On African and Syrian Genera not restricted to the Great Lakes. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (Ser. 9) 10:249-264. (Ref. 52330) Steindachner, F.0 Zur Fischfauna des Dscha, eines sekundären Nebenflusses des Congo im Bezirke Molundu des südlichen Kamerun. Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien 1912, 23:443-449. (Ref. 52340) Boulenger, G.A.0 Contributions to the Ichthyology of the Congo. I. On some new Fishes from the French Congo. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1902:234-237. (Ref. 52342) Pellegrin, J.0 Poissons nouveaux du Congo français. Bull. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat., Paris, 6(3):98-101. (Ref. 52343) Pellegrin, J.0 Contribution à l'étude anatomique, biologique et taxinomique des poissons de la famille des cichlidés. Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. 16:41-399. (Ref. 53262) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) Monsembula Iyaba, R.J.C. and M.L.J. Stiassny0 Fishes of the Salonga National Park (Congo basin, central Africa): a list of species collected in the Luilaka, Salonga, and Yenge Rivers (Equateur Province, Democratic Republic of Congo). Check List 9(2):246-256. (Ref. 93897) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) Decru, E.0 The ichthyofauna in the Central Congo basin: diversity and distribution in the north-eastern tributaries. KULeuven, Faculty of Science, Leuven (Belgium), 303p. (Ref. 106290) Zamba, A.I., E. Vreven, V. Mamonekene, T. Musschoot, H.F.P. Ngot and J. Snoeks0 Length-weight relationships of 37 freshwater fish species from the Lefini river, middle Congo River basin (Republic of the Congo). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 36:352-357. (Ref. 124477) FB-GeneralDescr-6885 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Guy Teugels 1992-12-16 00:00:00 2024-01-25 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6885 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Old males can exhibit a remarkable head profile with a well-developed hump; probably a biparental substrate spawner (Ref. 52307). Teugels, G.G. and J. Snoeks 1991 Heterochromis. p. 197. I:J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Checklist of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5647) FB-DiagnosticDescr-6885 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-10-28 00:00:00 2017-11-30 17:49:34 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6885 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Description: fully grown specimens deep bodied (Ref. 52307). Body scales ctenoid (Ref. 44520). Upper profile of head elevated, concave in front of eyes, very high between them; greatest depth of head exceeding its length (Ref. 41594). Cheek scales cycloid (Ref. 44520), in 6-9 series with width of scaly part greater than eye diameter (Ref. 2989). Scales on rostral part of dorsum mixed cycloid and ctenoid (Ref. 44520). Mouth not extending to below anterior border of eye (Ref. 41594), but extending to between nostril and eye (Ref. 2989). Teeth conic, rather short, in rows with 7-8 teeth in middle and less on sides (Ref. 3062). Outer teeth better developed (Ref. 52343, 53262). Teeth caniniform in external row; pharyngeal teeth molariform (Ref. 3062). Pharyngeal apophysis formed by parasphenoid (Ref. 52330). Premaxillary processes moderate, not extending to between the orbits; snout rounded, longer than postocular part of head (Ref. 41594). Occipital crest very strong, extending forward in advance of interorbital region (Ref. 52330). Eye diameter much less than preorbital depth (Ref. 41594). Preoperculum and inferior part of head with large pores (Ref. 52343). Opercular scales large (Ref. 1884, 52343, 53262). Gill-rakers very short (Ref. 53262). Dorsal fin spines slightly increasing in length to the last, which is 2/5 of head length (Ref. 41594). Longest soft ray of dorsal fin about 1/2 of head length (Ref. 41594, Ref. 2989). Anal spines stronger than dorsal spines (Ref. 2989). Third (and last) spine of anal fin 1/3 of head length (Ref. 41594). Caudal fin slightly rounded to subtruncate (Ref. 52307). Scales on caudal peduncle strongly ctenoid (Ref. 44520). Pectoral fins not reaching vertical from origin of anal (Ref. 41594, Ref. 2989). Pelvic fins reaching vent (Ref. 41594, Ref. 2989).Coloration: grey to brown and not spectacular (Ref. 52307). Dark brown band between eyes (Ref. 2989). Another on each side of body from head to caudal peduncle between lateral lines; a roundish blackish spot on lateral band above pectoral fin (Ref. 2989, 53262). Dorsal fin can have a thin red margin and a dark spot is often present at the base of the soft section (Ref. 52307). Juveniles: light brown with bronze reflections, and silvery with blue-green reflections ventrally; 5-6 dark transversal bands on body (Ref. 41580). 1 lateral band from posterior border of eye to base of caudal (Ref. 52307, 41580). Large black spot above pectoral fins, where lateral band crosses second transversal band; dark band on sides of back of head crosses eye and runs forward over cheeks and behind corners of mouth; dark bands are less clear in live specimens; dorsal and anal fin reddish and yellow; base of dorsal fin with a large black spot (as in Tilapia), followed by multiple series of black spots in oblique bands; anal fin slightly mottled with black; caudal fin and paired fins yellowish; pelvic fins more or less black in the largest specimens (Ref. 41580). Lamboj, A. 2004 The cichlid fishes of Western Africa. Birgit Schmettkamp Verlag, Bornheim, Germany. 255 p. (Ref. 52307) FB-Morphology-6885 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-10-28 00:00:00 2017-11-30 17:49:34 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6885 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Dorsal spines (total): 14; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14 - 15; Anal spines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8 - 9 Lamboj, A. 2004 The cichlid fishes of Western Africa. Birgit Schmettkamp Verlag, Bornheim, Germany. 255 p. (Ref. 52307) FB-Distribution-6885 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Guy Teugels 1992-12-19 00:00:00 2021-07-13 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6885 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Africa: middle Congo River basin in Cameroon, Republic of Congo and Democratic Republic of the Congo (Ref. 52307). Teugels, G.G. and J. Snoeks 1991 Heterochromis. p. 197. I:J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Checklist of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5647) FB-Size-6885 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Guy Teugels 1992-12-16 00:00:00 2024-01-25 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6885 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 29.5 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 41594)) Nichols, J.T. and L. Griscom 1917 Fresh-water fishes of the Congo basin obtained by the American Museum Congo Expedition, 1909-1915. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 37(25):653-756. (Ref. 41594) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-6885 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Guy Teugels 1992-12-16 00:00:00 2024-01-25 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6885 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution benthopelagic; freshwater