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	<dc:identifier>FB-66929</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66929</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Siluriformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Loricariidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Parotocinclus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Parotocinclus robustus Lehmann A. &amp; Reis, 2012</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Pacifisk småhalet haj</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Pacific smalltail shark</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Lühihänd-hallhai</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Cabeza dura</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Cazón</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Tiburón (toyo)</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Tiburón poroso</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Tiburón poroso del Pacífico</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Carcharhinus porosus (non Ranzani, 1839)</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>2013-04-27</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-04-27</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=386&amp;speccode=66939'>Garrick, J.A.F.0 Sharks of the genus &lt;i&gt;Carcharhinus&lt;/i&gt;. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS Circ. (445):194 p. (Ref. 386)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5530&amp;speccode=66939'>Chirichigno F., N.0 Clave para identificar los peces marinos del Peru. Inf. Inst. Mar. Perú (44):1-387. (Ref. 5530)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27736&amp;speccode=66939'>Escobar-Fernández, R. and M. Siri0 Nombres vernáculos y científicos de los peces del Pacífico mexicano. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Sociedad Ictiológica Mexicana, A.C. Mexico. (Ref. 27736)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31059&amp;speccode=66939'>Kato, S. and A.H. Carvallo0 Shark tagging in the Eastern Pacific ocean, 1962-65. p. 93-109. In P.W. Gilbert, R.F. Mathewson and D.P. Rall (eds.) Sharks, skates and rays. John Hopkins Press, Baltimore. (Ref. 31059)</reference>
	<reference isbn='970-18-0338-8.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=37955&amp;speccode=66939'>De la Cruz Agüero, J., M. Arellano Martínez, V.M. Cota Gómez and G. de la Cruz-Agüero0 Catalogo de los peces marinos de Baja California Sur. IPN-CICIMAR, La Paz, Mexico. P. 346. (Ref. 37955)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40498&amp;speccode=66939'>Béarez, P.0 Lista de los peces marinos del Ecuador continental. Rev. Biol. Trop. 44(2):731-741. (Ref. 40498)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86285&amp;speccode=66939'>Castro, J.I.0 Resurrection of the name &lt;i&gt;Carcharhinus cerdale&lt;/i&gt;, a species different from &lt;i&gt;Carcharhinus porosus&lt;/i&gt;. aqua, International Journal 17(1):1-10. (Ref. 86285)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=89954&amp;speccode=66939'>White, W.T.0 A redescription of &lt;i&gt;Carcharhinus dussumieri&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;C. sealei&lt;/i&gt;, with resurrection of &lt;i&gt;C. coatesi&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;C. tjutjot&lt;/i&gt; as valid species (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhinidae). Zootaxa 3241:1-34. (Ref. 89954)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=96293&amp;speccode=66939'>Page, L.M., H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea, N.E. Mandrak, R.L. Mayden and J.S. Nelson0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada and Mexico, 7th edition. Bethesda, Maryland: American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 34, 384 p. (Ref. 96293)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=66939'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=106604&amp;speccode=66939'>Weigmann, S.0 Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. J. Fish Biol. 88(1):1-201. (Ref. 106604)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=115257&amp;speccode=66939'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=123526&amp;speccode=66939'>Garcés, H.0 Lista sistemática preliminar de los peces marinos comerciales del Pacifico de Panama. Tecnociencia, 23(1):198-237. (Ref. 123526)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128078&amp;speccode=66939'>CITES0 Appendices I, II and III valid from 11 January 2023 and 25 November 2023. UNEP. (Ref. 128078)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130676&amp;speccode=66939'>Petersen, P.0 Danish names and photos and other species information. Pers. Comm. (Ref. 130676)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=131153&amp;speccode=66939'>CITES0 Appendices I, II and III. UNEP. (Ref. 131153)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-66939</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2013-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-11-15 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66939</dc:source>
	<dc:description>This smooth-backed species is distinguished by the following:  some specimens have a very weak interdorsal ridge (evident in embryos and neonates; not noticeable in the holotype or on a 103.4-cm male individual); first dorsal fin originates about the middle of the pectoral fin inner margin; its anterior margin is much longer than the distance from the apex to the free rear tip; height of first dorsal fin is about 9-10.5% of TL; second dorsal fin originates over or behind middle of anal base; caudal fin measures about one-fourth of the total length; has minute, inconspicuous hyomandibular pores behind the eye; upper teeth, from the first to the fifth tooth have broadly triangular, increasingly oblique cusps with serrated edges, with a notch on both edges at about a third of length from the base to the cusp (serrations from the notch to the base are much larger than those on the rest of the cusp); lower teeth have narrow, erect to slightly oblique, triangular cusps with more finely serrated edges; teeth number U:13 to 15-1 or 2-13 to 15, L:12 to 15-0 to 2-12 to 15; denticles roughly oblong and have minimal overlapping, with three central ridges, the central ridge being only slightly longer than the side ridges and terminating in a slightly longer point.  Colour in preserved specimens:   the first and second dorsal fins, the pelvic fins and the anal fin had dark or dusky edges, and the pectoral fins usually had dusky or black tips on their dorsal sides, and the lower caudal lobe was dusky or blacktipped; neonates have caudal fins with a black border, and their pectoral fins have a wide, white rear margin (Ref. 86285).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86285&amp;speccode=66939'>Castro, J.I. 2011 Resurrection of the name &lt;i&gt;Carcharhinus cerdale&lt;/i&gt;, a species different from &lt;i&gt;Carcharhinus porosus&lt;/i&gt;. aqua, International Journal 17(1):1-10. (Ref. 86285)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-66939</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2013-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-07-17 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66939</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Eastern Pacific Ocean:  from the Gulf of California to Peru.</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86285&amp;speccode=66939'>Castro, J.I. 2011 Resurrection of the name &lt;i&gt;Carcharhinus cerdale&lt;/i&gt;, a species different from &lt;i&gt;Carcharhinus porosus&lt;/i&gt;. aqua, International Journal 17(1):1-10. (Ref. 86285)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-66939</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2013-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66939</dc:source>
	<dc:description>140 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 86285))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86285&amp;speccode=66939'>Castro, J.I. 2011 Resurrection of the name &lt;i&gt;Carcharhinus cerdale&lt;/i&gt;, a species different from &lt;i&gt;Carcharhinus porosus&lt;/i&gt;. aqua, International Journal 17(1):1-10. (Ref. 86285)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-66939</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2013-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=66939</dc:source>
	<dc:description>demersal; marine; depth range 0 - 40 m (Ref. 106604)</dc:description>
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	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=106604&amp;speccode=66939'>Weigmann, S. 2016 Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. J. Fish Biol. 88(1):1-201. (Ref. 106604)</reference></dataObject>
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