FB-529 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=529 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Pleuronectiformes Scophthalmidae Scophthalmus Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus, 1758) Pektorynka Linguado-austral-este Língua de lodo Ooskus-tongvis Tongvis Sydøstafrikansk tunge Ostküsten-Seezunge East coast sole East coast solepo Mud sole Sole Suur lõunakeel Muta-antura Sole de vase סולית דרומית камбала Lenguado austral del este Lenguado de aleta Lenguado de fango Južnonoafriški list 南非鰨 南非鳎 Synaptura pectoralis Kaup, 1858 1990-10-17 2024-01-22 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Heemstra, P.C. and O. Gon0 Soleidae. p. 868-874. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3200) Badenhorst, A. and P.F. Sims0 A note on the length/mass relationship and mass conversion factors for Alguhas sole <i>Austroglossus pectoralis</i>. S. Afr. J. Mar. Sci. 10:297-298. (Ref. 3201) Menon, A.G.K.0 Soleidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Vol. 4. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3505) Torres, F. Jr. and D. Pauly0 Tabular data on marine fishes from Southern Africa, Part II: Growth parameters. Fishbyte 9(2):37-38. (Ref. 3669) van der Elst, R.0 A guide to the common sea fishes of southern Africa. C. Struik, Cape Town. 367 p. (Ref. 3670) Torres, F.S.B. Jr.0 Tabular data on marine fishes from Southern Africa, Part I. Length-weight relationships. Fishbyte 9(1):50-53. (Ref. 3678) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) FAO0 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Fischer, W., I. Sousa, C. Silva, A. de Freitas, J.M. Poutiers, W. Schneider, T.C. Borges, J.P. Feral and A. Massinga0 Fichas FAO de identificaçao de espécies para actividades de pesca. Guia de campo das espécies comerciais marinhas e de águas salobras de Moçambique. Publicaçao preparada em collaboraçao com o Instituto de Investigaçao Pesquiera de Moçambique, com financiamento do Projecto PNUD/FAO MOZ/86/030 e de NORAD. Roma, FAO. 1990. 424 p. (Ref. 5213) Desoutter, M.0 Soleidae. p. 1037-1049. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 5304) Grabda, E. and T. Heese0 Polskie nazewnictwo popularne kraglouste i ryby. Cyclostomata et Pisces. Wyzsza Szkola Inzynierska w Koszalinie. Koszalin, Poland. 171 p. (in Polish). (Ref. 6313) Carpenter, K.0 List of FAO names in the yearbook found inconsistent with FIRM's Species Identification and Data Programme publications and other primary sources. pers. comm. FIDI-FIRM List, FAO, Rome. (Ref. 7439) FAO0 FAO Yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 74: 1992. FAO Fish. Ser. 43:677 p. (Ref. 8984) van der Elst, R.0 A guide to the common sea fishes of southern Africa. (3rd Ed.). Struik Publishers, Cape Town. 398 p. (Ref. 12484) Zoutendyk, P.0 The biology of the Agulhas sole, <i>Austroglossus pectoralis</i>. Part 2. Age and growth. Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Afr. 41(1):33-41. (Ref. 12558) FAO-FIDI0 International Standard Statistical Classification of Aquatic Animals and Plants (ISSCAAP). November 1997. Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Service, Fisheries Department, FAO, Rome, Italy. (Ref. 26069) Sanches, J.G.0 Nomenclatura Portuguesa de organismos aquáticos (proposta para normalização estatística). Publ. Avuls. Inst. Nac. Invest. Pescas 14:322 p. (Ref. 26388) Pillar, S.C. and I.S. Wilkinson0 The diet of cape hake <i>Merluccius capensis</i> on the south coast of South Africa. S. Afr. J. Mar. Sci. 15:225-239. (Ref. 26968) Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer and H.J. Boyer0 FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. Field guide to the living marine resources of Namibia. FAO, Rome. 265p. (Ref. 27121) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670) Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer and H.J. Boyer0 FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. Field guide to the living marine resources of Namibia. FAO, Rome. 265 p. (Ref. 36731) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Crespo, J., J. Gajate and R. Ponce0 Clasificación científica e identificación de nombres vernáculos existentes en la base de datos de seguimiento informático de recursos naturales oceánicos. Instituto Español de Oceanografia, Madrid, Spain. 414 p. (Ref. 39531) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Castley, J.G., V.G. Cockcroft and G.I.H. Kerley0 A note on the stomach contents of fur seals <i>Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus</i> beached on the South-east coast of South Africa. S. Afr. J. Mar. Sci. 11:573-577. (Ref. 42742) Ricker, W.E.0 Russian-English dictionary for students of fisheries and aquatic biology. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa. (Ref. 48321) Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) Okeyo, D.O.0 Fishes of Namibia. Unpublished compilation of D.O. Okeyo. (Ref. 54854) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) Pihu, E.0 Loomade elu 4. köide. Kalad. Pihu, E. 1979. Loomade Elu, 4. Köide, Kalad. Valgus, Tallinn. (Ref. 105472) Cheung, W.L., R. Watson and D. Pauly0 Signature of ocean warming in global fisheries catch. Nature 497:365-368. (Ref. 107945) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Froese, R., N. Demirel, G. Coro and H. Winker0 User Guide for CMSY++. GEOMAR, Germany, 17 p. (Ref. 124174) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) FB-GeneralDescr-528 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2020-08-20 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=528 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Inhabits mud bottoms (Ref. 27121). Feeds on small benthic invertebrates and small fish (Ref. 27121). Heemstra, P.C. and O. Gon 1986 Soleidae. p. 868-874. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3200) FB-DiagnosticDescr-528 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1997-02-28 00:00:00 2013-01-16 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=528 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Brownish, small dark spot at base of each scale; right pectoral fin blackish (Ref. 3200). Heemstra, P.C. and O. Gon 1986 Soleidae. p. 868-874. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3200) FB-Morphology-528 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1997-02-28 00:00:00 2013-01-16 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=528 Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 90 - 110; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 80 - 95; Vertebrae: 58 Heemstra, P.C. and O. Gon 1986 Soleidae. p. 868-874. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3200) FB-Distribution-528 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2017-05-09 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=528 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Southeast Atlantic: known only from the Cape to Natal in South Africa. Heemstra, P.C. and O. Gon 1986 Soleidae. p. 868-874. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3200) FB-Uses-528 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2020-08-20 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=528 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats fisheries: minor commercial; price category: medium; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) FB-TrophicStrategy-528 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2000-10-19 00:00:00 2000-11-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public pectoralis http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Inhabits mud bottoms. Feeds on small benthic invertebrates and small fish. Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer and H.J. Boyer 1999 FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. Field guide to the living marine resources of Namibia. FAO, Rome. 265p. (Ref. 27121) FB-Size-528 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2020-08-20 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=528 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 60.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 3505)) Menon, A.G.K. 1984 Soleidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Vol. 4. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3505) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-528 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2020-08-20 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=528 demersal; marine; depth range 10 - 400 m (Ref. 5304), usually 10 - 120 m (Ref. 3200) Desoutter, M. 1990 Soleidae. p. 1037-1049. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 5304) Heemstra, P.C. and O. Gon 1986 Soleidae. p. 868-874. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3200)