FB-396 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=396 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Eupercaria/misc Nemipteridae Nemipterus Nemipterus virgatus (Houttuyn, 1782) Krasniak koralowy Peixe-rubi-do-Índico Suidelike rondloper Kap-huefisk Bonnetmouth Cape bonnetmouth Pearl fish Picarel Red baitfish Red herring Redbait Southern rover Lõuna-punasilm Andorrève du Cap Красноглазка южная Червоноочка Червоноочка південна Andorrero del Cabo Cardenal 諧魚 谐鱼 Emmelichthys nitidus nitidus Richardson, 1845 1992-06-15 2024-08-12 Eschmeyer, W.N.0 Catalog of the genera of recent fishes. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA. 697 p. (Ref. 1830) Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development0 Multilingual dictionary of fish and fish products. Fishing News Books, Oxford. (Ref. 3383) Heemstra, P.C.0 Emmelichthyidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3394) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) FAO0 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Heemstra, P.C.0 Emmelichthyidae. p. 637-638. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 5325) Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts and P. McMillan0 New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series No. 19. 279 p. (Ref. 5755) Grabda, E. and T. Heese0 Polskie nazewnictwo popularne kraglouste i ryby. Cyclostomata et Pisces. Wyzsza Szkola Inzynierska w Koszalinie. Koszalin, Poland. 171 p. (in Polish). (Ref. 6313) Carpenter, K.0 List of FAO names in the yearbook found inconsistent with FIRM's Species Identification and Data Programme publications and other primary sources. pers. comm. FIDI-FIRM List, FAO, Rome. (Ref. 7439) FAO0 FAO Yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 74: 1992. FAO Fish. Ser. 43:677 p. (Ref. 8984) May, J.L. and J.G.H. Maxwell0 Trawl fish from temperate waters of Australia. CSIRO Division of Fisheries Research, Tasmania. 492 p. (Ref. 9563) Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall0 A revision of the Emmelichthyidae (Pisces: Perciformes). Aust. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 28:361-396. (Ref. 10394) Günther, A.C.L.G.0 An introduction to the study of fishes. Today & Tomorrow's Book Agency, New Delhi. 720 p. (Ref. 11410) Kulbicki, M., J.E. Randall and J. Rivaton0 Checklist of the fishes of the Chesterfield Islands (Coral Sea). Micronesica 27(1/2):1-43. (Ref. 11897) Sanches, J.G.0 Nomenclatura Portuguesa de organismos aquáticos (proposta para normalização estatística). Publ. Avuls. Inst. Nac. Invest. Pescas 14:322 p. (Ref. 26388) Punt, A.E. and R.W. Leslie0 The effects of future consumption by the cape fur seal on catches and cath rates of the cape hakes. 1. Feeding and diet of the cape hakes <i>Merluccius capensis</i> and <i>M. paradoxus</i>. S. Afr. J. Mar. Sci. 16:37-55. (Ref. 26967) Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer and H.J. Boyer0 FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. Field guide to the living marine resources of Namibia. FAO, Rome. 265p. (Ref. 27121) Nakamura, I., T. Inada, M. Takeda and H. Hatanaka0 Important fishes trawled off Patagonia. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo. 369 p. (Ref. 27363) Meyer, M. and M.J. Smale0 Predation patterns of demersal teleosts from the Cape south and west coasts of South Africa.1. Pelagic predators. S. Afr. J. Mar. Sci. 11:173-191. (Ref. 27958) al Sakaff, H. and M. Esseen0 Occurrence and distribution of fish species off Yemen (Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea). Naga, ICLARM Q. 22(1):43-47. (Ref. 28016) Randolph, S. and M. Snyder0 The seafood list: FDA's guide to acceptable market names for seafood sold in interstate commerce. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, USA. pag. var. (Ref. 30426) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Punt, A.E., R.W. Leslie and S.E. du Plessis0 Estimation of the annual consumption of food by Cape hake <i>Merluccius capensis</i> and <i>M. paradoxus</i> off the South African west coast. S. Afr. J. Mar. Sci. 12:611-634. (Ref. 33695) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670) Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer and H.J. Boyer0 FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. Field guide to the living marine resources of Namibia. FAO, Rome. 265 p. (Ref. 36731) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Crespo, J., J. Gajate and R. Ponce0 Clasificación científica e identificación de nombres vernáculos existentes en la base de datos de seguimiento informático de recursos naturales oceánicos. Instituto Español de Oceanografia, Madrid, Spain. 414 p. (Ref. 39531) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Shcherbachev, Y.N.0 Preliminary list of thalassobathyal fishes of the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indian Ocean. J. Ichthyol. 27(2):37-46. (Ref. 44037) Golovan, A.A. and N.P. Pakhorukov0 Distribution and behavior of fishes on the Naska and Sala y Gomez submarine ranges. J. Ichthyol. 27(4):71-78. (Ref. 44056) Roberts, C.D.0 Fishes of the Chatham Islands, New Zealand: a trawl survey and summary of the ichthyofauna. N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 25(1):1-19. (Ref. 45493) Seafood Services Australia0 Australian fish names list. http://www.seafoodservices.com.au/, version 16 September 2003. (Ref. 50831) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) Blaber, S.J.M. and C.M. Bulman0 Diets of fishes of the upper continental slope of eastern Tasmania: content, calorific values, dietary overlap and trophic relationships. Mar. Biol. 95:345-356. (Ref. 54155) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Beentjes, P., B. Bull, R.J. Hurst and N.W. Bagley0 Demersal fish assemblages along the continental shelf and upper slope of the east coast of the South Island, New Zealand. N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 36:197-223. (Ref. 58461) Stevenson, M.L.0 Trawl survey of the west coast of the South Island and Tasman and Golden Bays, March-april 2003 (KAH0304). New Zealand Fisheries Assessment Report 2004/4. 69 p. (Ref. 58489) Paul, L.0 New Zealand fishes. Identification, natural history and fisheries. Reed Books, Auckland. (Ref. 72381) Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen0 Fishes. In Beasley, O.L. and A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 35 Australia: ABRS & CSIRO Publishing, 2178 p. (Ref. 75154) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) Fricke, R., M. Kulbicki and L. Wantiez0 Checklist of the fishes of New Caledonia, and their distribution in the Southwest Pacific Ocean (Pisces). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie 4:341-463. (Ref. 86942) Ministry of Fisheries0 MFish approved species codes - Table 1-4. http://www.fish.govt.nz/en-nz/International/High+Seas+Fishing/MFish+Approved+Species+Codes/MFish+Approved+Species+Codes+01.htm?wbc_purpose=Basic%2526WBCMODE (Ref. 89583) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) Fricke, R., D. Golani and B. Appelbaum-Golani0 <i>Emmelichthys marisrubri</i>, a new rover from the southern Red Sea (Teleostei: Emmelichthyidae). Cybium 38(2):83-87. (Ref. 96673) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) Patzner, R.A.0 Reproductive strategies of fish. pp. 311-350. In Rocha, M.J., A. Arukwe and B.G. Kapoor (eds). Fish reproduction: cytology, biology and ecology. Science Publisher, Inc. Oxford. 631 p. (Ref. 101194) Pihu, E.0 Loomade elu 4. köide. Kalad. Pihu, E. 1979. Loomade Elu, 4. Köide, Kalad. Valgus, Tallinn. (Ref. 105472) Duffy, C.A.J. and S.T. Ahyong0 Annotated checklist of the marine flora and fauna of the Kermadec Islands Marine Reserve and northern Kermadec Ridge, New Zealand. Bulletin of the Auckland Museum 20:19-124. (Ref. 106682) Cheung, W.L., R. Watson and D. Pauly0 Signature of ocean warming in global fisheries catch. Nature 497:365-368. (Ref. 107945) Ward, T.M., A.R. Ivey and J. Earl0 Commonwealth Small Pelagic Fishery: Fishery Assessment Report 2011-2013. Australian Fisheries Management Authority. South Australian Research and Development Institute (Aquatic Sciences), Adelaide. (Ref. 114840) Ewing, G.P. and J.M. Lyle0 Reproductive dynamics of redbait, <i>Emmelichthys nitidus</i> (Emmelichthydae), from south-eastern Australia. Fish. Res. 97:206-215. (Ref. 115109) Oyarzún, C. and M. Arriaza0 <i>Emmelichthys nitidus nitidus</i> Richardson, 1845 and <i>Emmelichthys nitidus cyanescens</i> (Guichenot, 1848), (Perciformes; Emmelichthyidae). Are really different subspecies? Rev. Biol. Mar. 28(2):341-348. (Ref. 115121) Heemstra, P.C.0 Emmelichthyidae. pp. 2526-2533. In K.E. Carpenter and N. De Angelis (eds.). The living marine resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic. Vol. 4: Bony fishes part 2 (Perciformes to Tetradontiformes) and sea turtles. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes, Rome, FAO. pp. 2343-3124. (Ref. 115123) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) Welsford, D.C. and J.M. Lyle0 Redbait (<i>Emmelichthys nitidus</i>): a synopsis of fishery and biological data. Tech. Rep. Ser. (20). 32 p. (Ref. 117129) Furlani, D., A. Williams and N. Bax0 Fish biology (length and age). In N.J. Bax and A. Williams (eds.) Habitat and fisheries production in the South East Fishery ecosystem. Final report to the Fisheries Research and Development Corporation, Project No. 94/040. Division of Marine Research, CSIRO Marine Laboratories, Hobart. (Ref. 117824) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-395-11528 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-07-10 1996-07-30 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=395 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Emnit_u1.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Emnit_u1.gif FB-GeneralDescr-395 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-06-19 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=395 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat A schooling species (Ref. 9563). Reported from between depths of 86 m (Ref. 58489) and 500 m (Ref. 5325). Juveniles occur near the surface, often with schools of clupeids while adults are found near the bottom in deeper water (Ref. 3394). Adults feed mainly on larger zooplankton (Ref. 3394). An excellent food fish; marketed fresh or frozen (Ref. 3394). Heemstra, P.C. 1984 Emmelichthyidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3394) FB-DiagnosticDescr-395 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1997-02-04 00:00:00 2005-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=395 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Reddish, darker (bluish grey) dorsally, silvery white below (Ref. 5325). Heemstra, P.C. 1986 Emmelichthyidae. p. 637-638. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 5325) FB-Morphology-395 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1997-02-04 00:00:00 2005-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=395 Dorsal spines (total): 13; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9 - 11; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 10 Heemstra, P.C. 1986 Emmelichthyidae. p. 637-638. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 5325) FB-Distribution-395 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2025-06-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=395 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Southastern Atlantic: Off western Cape coast in South Africa, Namibia and Tristan da Cunha. Indo-Pacific: Australia, New Zealand, St. Paul and Amsterdam islands. Emmelichthys nitidus cyanescens is found in the eastern Pacific. Heemstra, P.C. 2016 Emmelichthyidae. pp. 2526-2533. In K.E. Carpenter and N. De Angelis (eds.). The living marine resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic. Vol. 4: Bony fishes part 2 (Perciformes to Tetradontiformes) and sea turtles. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes, Rome, FAO. pp. 2343-3124. (Ref. 115123) FB-Uses-395 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-06-19 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=395 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats fisheries: commercial FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) FB-LifeCycle-395 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-06-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=395&StockCode=409 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Asynchronous batch spawner with indeterminate fecundity (Ref. 115109). Spawns once every 3-5 days (Ref. 115109). Ewing, G.P. and J.M. Lyle 2009 Reproductive dynamics of redbait, <i>Emmelichthys nitidus</i> (Emmelichthydae), from south-eastern Australia. Fish. Res. 97:206-215. (Ref. 115109) FB-TrophicStrategy-395 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-06-01 00:00:00 2017-04-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public nitidus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Found on the continental shelf and continental slope (Ref. 75154). Meyer, M. and M.J. Smale 1991 Predation patterns of demersal teleosts from the Cape south and west coasts of South Africa.1. Pelagic predators. S. Afr. J. Mar. Sci. 11:173-191. (Ref. 27958) FB-Size-395 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-06-19 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=395 55.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 115123)); max. reported age: 10 years (Ref. 117824) Heemstra, P.C. 2016 Emmelichthyidae. pp. 2526-2533. In K.E. Carpenter and N. De Angelis (eds.). The living marine resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic. Vol. 4: Bony fishes part 2 (Perciformes to Tetradontiformes) and sea turtles. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes, Rome, FAO. pp. 2343-3124. (Ref. 115123) Furlani, D., A. Williams and N. Bax 2000 Fish biology (length and age). In N.J. Bax and A. Williams (eds.) Habitat and fisheries production in the South East Fishery ecosystem. Final report to the Fisheries Research and Development Corporation, Project No. 94/040. Division of Marine Research, CSIRO Marine Laboratories, Hobart. (Ref. 117824) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-395 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-06-19 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=395 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats bathydemersal; marine; depth range 86 - 500 m (Ref. 58489) Stevenson, M.L. 2004 Trawl survey of the west coast of the South Island and Tasman and Golden Bays, March-april 2003 (KAH0304). New Zealand Fisheries Assessment Report 2004/4. 69 p. (Ref. 58489)