FB-35 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=35 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Anguilliformes Anguillidae Anguilla Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758) Lyr Grazniak Rdzawiec Bacalhau Juliana Paloco Morlas Blåsej Lubbe Pollack Callagh Coalfish Dover hake European pollock Grass whiting Green pollack Greenfish Lythe Margate hake Pollack Pollak Euroopa süsikas pollak Hvítseiður Lini Lýrur Lyyraturska Colin Lieu jaune Merlan Merluche blanche Calig Lýr Merluzzo giallo pollaks saida Lyur Ugotica Laid Lythe Bleka Lyrtorsk Сайда Abadejo Abadexo Abadira Badexo Barriao Barrionda Ferrete Abadejo An mangach Bakaliaros Polak Pollak Witte koolvis 青鳕 青鱈 Gadus lycostomus Faber, 1828 Gadus pollachius Linnaeus, 1758 Gadus viridis Gronow, 1854 Merlangus pollachius (Linnaeus, 1758) Pollachius linnei Malm, 1877 Pollachius typus Bonaparte, 1846 1990-10-17 2024-01-15 Russell, F.S.0 The eggs and planktonic stages of British marine fishes. Academic Press, London, UK. 524 p. 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McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-34-12966 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-01-15 1997-03-01 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=34 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Popol_u1.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Popol_u1.gif FB-pic-34-27208 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg Thorke A.S. Østergaard 2000-07-26 2000-07-26 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=34 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Popol_j0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Popol_j0.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-34 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2016-10-15 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=34 Found in inshore waters but also down to 200 m depth, in areas with hard bottoms. Juveniles are pelagic, spending 2-3 years near the coast including rocky areas, kelp beds, sandy shores and estuaries (Ref. 1371, 58137, 89343, 89362). Juveniles may form schools with saithe (Pollachius virens) (Ref. 88187), and have also been found solitary and defending their feeding territory (Refs. 42174, 89363). Larger individuals move to the open sea and are often found around rocky areas at 40-100 m depth (Ref. 1371). Also observed around shipwrecks and oil platforms (Ref. 88187). Adults occur singly or in small dispersed shoals but is known to form dense shoals on spawning grounds (Ref. 89364). Suggested to undertake spawning migrations (Ref. 88171). Caught as bycatch in cod and saithe fisheries. Flesh is dry but of good flavor (Ref. 35388). Classified as a "hearing generalist" (89365); has also been found to produce sound. Juveniles have been reported to make repeated short grunts during competitive feeding and aggressive encounters (89366). Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) FB-DiagnosticDescr-34 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-12-20 00:00:00 2012-02-15 21:47:50 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=34 Lower jaw distinctly projecting beyond upper ones. Lacks a chin barbel. Dark lateral line that sharply curves over the pectoral fin and continues over whole body. No dark spot at pectoral fin base. Dorsal and anal fin interspaces short. Sensory canals with large pores on head. Body color is variable; dark dorsally, sharply distinguished from silver-gray sides and belly; the upper part of the body with yellow to orange streaks or blotches; the lateral line greenish. The fins uniformly dark except for the pelvic fins which are yellowish. Whitehead, P.J.P., M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) 1986 Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vols. I-III:1473 p. (Ref. 232) FB-Morphology-34 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-12-20 00:00:00 2012-02-15 21:47:50 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=34 Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 29 - 33; Analsoft rays: 27 - 30; Vertebrae: 52 - 55 Whitehead, P.J.P., M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) 1986 Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vols. I-III:1473 p. (Ref. 232) FB-Distribution-34 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2023-01-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=34 Northeast Atlantic: Iceland, the Faeroes and Norway to the Bay of Biscay (Ref. 1371); also southern Baltic Sea (Ref. 89342) with records from Poland, Latvia and Estonia (Refs. 36252, 52079). Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) FB-Uses-34 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2016-10-15 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=34 fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) Kinzer, J. 1983 Aquarium Kiel: Beschreibungen zur Biologie der ausgestellten Tierarten. Institut für Meereskunde an der Universität Kiel. pag. var. (Ref. 12253) FB-Migration-34 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2016-10-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=34 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-LifeCycle-34 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2016-10-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=34&StockCode=44 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Oviparous and gonochorous (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-34 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-12-20 00:00:00 2012-02-15 21:35:01 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public pollachius http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Low- to mid-level predator. Juveniles feed mainly on crustaceans while adults prey mainly on fish but may also take cephalopods and pelagic crustaceans (Refs. 1371, 58137, 88187). Svetovidov, A.N. 1986 Gadidae. p. 680-710. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. vol. 2. (Ref. 3663) FB-Size-34 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2016-10-15 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=34 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses 130 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 1371)); max. published weight: 18.1 kg (Ref. 40637); max. reported age: 8 years (Ref. 1371) Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637) Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-34-200 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 2009-10-07 00:00:00 2009-10-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=34&StockCode=44 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Anisakis Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) José Rosales, Ma., C. Mascaró, C. Fernandez, F. Luque, M. Sanchez Moreno, L. Parras, A. Cosano and J. Ramón Muñoz 1999 Acute intestinal Anisakiasis in Spain: a fourth-stage <i>Anisakis simplex</i> Larva. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 94(6): 823-826. (Ref. 82416) FB-Habitat-34 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2016-10-15 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=34 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats benthopelagic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); marine; depth range 40 - 200 m (Ref. 6302), usually 40 - 100 m (Ref. 54707) Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlstrøm 1989 Havfisk og Fiskeri i Nordvesteuropa. GEC Gads Forlag, København, 244 p. (in Danish). (Ref. 6302) FAO-FIGIS 2005 A world overview of species of interest to fisheries. Chapter: Pollachius pollachius. Retrieved on 21 June 2005, from www.fao.org/figis/servlet/species?fid=2232. 2p. FIGIS Species Fact Sheets. Species Identification and Data Programme-SIDP, FAO-FIGIS (Ref. 54707)