FB-2544 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2544 Animalia Chordata Elasmobranchii Squaliformes Somniosidae Somniosus Somniosus pacificus Bigelow & Schroeder, 1944 قرش راقد للمحيط الهادئ Stillehavshavkal Pacific sleeper shark Pacific Sleeper Shark Sleeper shark Vaikse ookeani polaarhai Laimargue dormeur Laimargue du Pacifique Ondenzame Tikhookeanskaya polyarnaya akula акула тихоокеанская полярная Tiburón dormilón del Pacífico Tollo dormilón Tollo negro dormilón K'wet'thenéchte Pacifische ijshaai 太平洋睡鯊 太平洋睡鲨 Somniosus microcephalus (non Bloch & Schneider, 1801) 1992-06-15 2023-04-26 Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter0 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. 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Joung0 <i>Somniosus (Rhinoscymnus) cheni</i> sp. nov. A new species of sleeker shark (Squaliformes: Somniosidae) from Eastern Taiwan, with aspects of embryo biology. Zool. Stud. 59:48. (Ref. 123759) Hulbert, L.B., M.F. Sigler and C.R. Lunsford0 Depth and movement behaviour of the Pacific sleeper shark in the north-east Pacific Ocean. J. Fish Biol. 69:406-425. (Ref. 129151) McInnes, J.D., A.W. Trites, C.R. Mathieson, M.E. Dahlheim, J.E. Moore, P.A. Olson and K.M. Lester0 Evidence for an oceanic population of killer whales (<i>Orcinus orca</i>) in offshore waters of California and Oregon. Aquat. Mamm. 50(2):93-106. (Ref. 130791) Beamish, R.J., G.A. McFarlane and J.R. King0 Migratory patterns of pelagic fishes and possible linkages betweeen open ocean and coastal ecosystems off the Pacific coast of North America. Deep-Sea Research II 52:739-755. (Ref. 138310) FB-pic-2544-3749 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1995-05-16 1998-12-14 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2544 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Sopac_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Sopac_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-2544 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2025-12-01 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2544 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Demersal and mesobenthopelagic (Ref. 119696); found on continental shelves and slopes (Ref. 247). At high latitudes, they occasionally occur in littoral and even intertidal areas; in lower latitudes ithey may never come to the surface and down to at least 2,000 m (Ref. 247), reported to about 2,205 m in the Hawaiian Is. as recorded by camera arrays (Ref. 119696). They feed on bottom animals such as fishes, octopi, squids, crabs and tritons; also harbor seals and carrion (Ref. 247). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205), with 300 pups in a litter (Ref. 247), length at birth about 42 cm or less (Ref. 26346). The flesh contains a type of toxin which, when eaten, produces symptoms of drunkenness (Ref. 583). Possibly reaches lengths greater than 700 cm (Ref. 247). It is of limited importance in fisheries, with older small-scale commercial harvests reported in southern areas; and based on its population dynamics it can be sensitive to overfishing (Ref. 117245). Yano, K., J.D. Stevens and L.J.V. Compagno 2004 A review of the systematics of the sleeper shark genus <i>Somniosus</i> with redescriptions of <i>Somniosus</i> (<i>Somniosus</i>) <i>antarcticus</i> and <i>Somniosus</i> (<i>Rhinoscymnus</i>) <i>longus</i> (Squaliformes: Somniosidae). Ichthyol. Res. 51:360-373. (Ref. 50224) FB-DiagnosticDescr-2544 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1998-05-27 00:00:00 2017-11-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2544 Diagnosis: Somniosus pacificus differs from S. antarcticus by the following characters: interdorsal space about 70% of prebranchial length (vs. 80%); height of first dorsal fin about 3.7% of precaudal length (PCL) (vs. 3.0%); height of second dorsal fin about 3.4% of PCL (vs. 2.9%); number of turns in spiral valve 32-37 (mode 33) (vs. 36-41, mode 39); precaudal vertebrae 28-30 (mode 29) (vs. 30-31, mode 30) (Ref. 50224).Description: Uniformly greyish-pink with bluish black fins; live specimens probably with white spots on dorsal surface (Ref. 6871). Short rounded snout, heavily cylindrical body and small precaudal fins, equal-sized dorsal fins, asymmetrical caudal fin with a well-developed ventral lobe (Ref. 6871), first dorsal fin on back closer to pelvic fins than pectoral fins, interdorsal space less than distance from snout tip to first gill openings, no short keels on base of caudal fin, upper teeth lanceolate, lower teeth with short, low, strongly oblique cusps and high narrow roots (Ref. 247). Yano, K., J.D. Stevens and L.J.V. Compagno 2004 A review of the systematics of the sleeper shark genus <i>Somniosus</i> with redescriptions of <i>Somniosus</i> (<i>Somniosus</i>) <i>antarcticus</i> and <i>Somniosus</i> (<i>Rhinoscymnus</i>) <i>longus</i> (Squaliformes: Somniosidae). Ichthyol. Res. 51:360-373. (Ref. 50224) FB-Morphology-2544 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1998-05-27 00:00:00 2017-11-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2544 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Dorsal spines (total): 0; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 0 Yano, K., J.D. Stevens and L.J.V. Compagno 2004 A review of the systematics of the sleeper shark genus <i>Somniosus</i> with redescriptions of <i>Somniosus</i> (<i>Somniosus</i>) <i>antarcticus</i> and <i>Somniosus</i> (<i>Rhinoscymnus</i>) <i>longus</i> (Squaliformes: Somniosidae). Ichthyol. Res. 51:360-373. (Ref. 50224) FB-Distribution-2544 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2544 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size North Pacific and Arctic: Taiwan to Japan and Kuril Islands, Sea of Okhotsk, southeastern Kamchatka, Commander and Aleutian Islands, and southern Baja California to Gulf of Alaska, Bering Sea, Chukchi Sea and Beaufort Sea. Mecklenburg, C.W., A. Lynghammar, E. Johannesen, I. Byrkjedal, J.S. Christiansen, A.V. Dolgov, O.V. Karamushko, T.A. Mecklenburg, P.R. Møller, D. Steinke and P.R. Wienerroither 2018 Marine fishes of the Arctic Region.Volume I. Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna, Akureyri, Iceland. [CAFF Monitoring Series Report 28:1-454.] (Ref. 119696) FB-Uses-2544 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2025-12-01 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2544 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats fisheries: of no interest Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) FB-Migration-2544 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2025-12-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2544 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Beamish, R.J., G.A. McFarlane and J.R. King 2005 Migratory patterns of pelagic fishes and possible linkages betweeen open ocean and coastal ecosystems off the Pacific coast of North America. Deep-Sea Research II 52:739-755. (Ref. 138310) FB-LifeCycle-2544 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2025-12-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=2544&StockCode=2740 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Probably ovoviviparous (Ref. 247). Size at birth 42 cm or less (Ref. 26346). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247) FB-TrophicStrategy-2544 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1997-04-08 00:00:00 2023-04-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public pacificus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Found on the continental slope (Ref. 75154). Found in varying habitats, from nearshore and upper slopes to lower shelf and slope waters. Typically in temperatures of 4.4 to 11.8°C (Ref. 117245). Its diet and behavioral information shows that it can be an important predator and scavenger of shelf and slope ecosystems (Ref. 117245). Hart, J.L. 1973 Pacific fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 180:740 p. (Ref. 6885) FB-Size-2544 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2025-12-01 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2544 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle 440 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 247)); 430 cm TL (female) Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-2544 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2025-12-01 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2544 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size benthopelagic; oceanodromous (Ref. 138310); marine; depth range 0 - 2205 m (Ref. 119696) Beamish, R.J., G.A. McFarlane and J.R. King 2005 Migratory patterns of pelagic fishes and possible linkages betweeen open ocean and coastal ecosystems off the Pacific coast of North America. Deep-Sea Research II 52:739-755. (Ref. 138310) Mecklenburg, C.W., A. Lynghammar, E. Johannesen, I. Byrkjedal, J.S. Christiansen, A.V. Dolgov, O.V. Karamushko, T.A. Mecklenburg, P.R. Møller, D. Steinke and P.R. Wienerroither 2018 Marine fishes of the Arctic Region.Volume I. Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna, Akureyri, Iceland. [CAFF Monitoring Series Report 28:1-454.] (Ref. 119696)