FB-2274 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2274 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cichliformes Cichlidae Nimbochromis Nimbochromis livingstonii (Günther, 1894) Gebacz plamisty Livingstone-cichlide Schläfer Torkkusuuhautoja Kaligono Mbuna Utaka Astatotilapia livingstonii (Günther, 1894) Cyrtocara livingstonii (Günther, 1894) Haplochromis livingstoni (Günther, 1894) Haplochromis livingstonii (Günther, 1894) Hemichromis livingstonii Günther, 1894 Paratilapia livingstonii (Günther, 1894) 1991-02-22 2009-04-29 Eccles, D.H. and E. Trewavas0 Malawian cichlid fishes: the classification of some haplochromine genera. Lake Fish Movies, West Germany. 334 p. (Ref. 267) McKaye, K.R.0 Field observation on death feigning: a unique hunting behavior by the predatory cichlid, <i>Haplochromis livingstoni</i>, of Lake Malawi. Environ. Biol. Fishes 6(3-4):361-365. (Ref. 3817) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Maréchal, C.0 Nimbochromis. p. 296-299. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 4989) Konings, A.0 Ad Konings's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Malawi. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 495 p. (Ref. 5595) Anonymous0 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 12818) Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch0 Aquarien Atlas, Band 1. 10th edition. Mergus Verlag GmBH, Melle, Germany. 992 p. (Ref. 13371) Schliewen, U.K.0 Aquarium fish. Barron's Education Series, Incorporated. 159 p. (Ref. 30491) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Nsiku, E.0 Changes in the fisheries of Lake Malawi, 1976-1996: ecosystem-based analysis. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. 217 p. M.Sc. thesis. (Ref. 33486) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Zimbabwe. National Museum of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box 240, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. (Ref. 36653) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Bassleer, G.0 Color guide of tropical fish diseases: on freshwater fish. Bassleer Biofish, Westmeerbeek, Belgium. 272 p. (Ref. 41805) Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. (Ref. 47438) Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) Snoeks, J. (ed.)0 The cichlid diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: identification, distribution and taxonomy. Cichlid Press, El Paso, USA, 360p. (Ref. 55463) Snoeks, J. and J. Manuel0 The genus <i>Nimbochromis</i> Eccles & Trewavas, 1989. p. 57-85. In Snoeks, J. (ed.) The cichlid diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: identification, distribution and taxonomy. Cichlid Press, El Paso, USA, 360p. (Ref. 55922) Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-GeneralDescr-2274 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-22 00:00:00 2009-04-29 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2274 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Occurs in all kinds of habitats but is more common in vegetated areas of sheltered bays (Ref. 5595). Prefers soft, muddy bottoms but is also seen in purely rocky environments (Ref. 5595, 55922). Feeds on fish (Ref. 5595). Has been observed to mimic as dead and then feed on small fish that get close (Ref. 3817, 13371, 55922). Is usually solitary and territorial (Ref. 3817). Maréchal, C. 1991 Nimbochromis. p. 296-299. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 4989) FB-DiagnosticDescr-2274 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2005-09-23 19:04:08 2005-12-01 23:14:27 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2274 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Diagnosis: unique color pattern with 4 conspicuous dark bars radiating from the eye; body silvery, yellowish or blue with a highly contrasting black blotched pattern with anastomosing horizontal and vertical components; faint spots on the pectoral fins; no speckles on head and body; head length 34.0-37.0% of standard length; body depth 32.9-38.3% of standard length; dorsal fin base 49.6-53.7% of standard length; lower jaw 37.5-46.2% head length; head width 40.8-47.0% head length (Ref. 55922).Description: outer and inner teeth in jaw unicuspid in adults, with large gap between inner and outer rows in upper jaw; outer teeth bicuspid and inner teeth weakly tricuspid in small specimens; 3-4 series of cheek scales; lower pharyngeal jaw broad and shallow, but with a relatively deep anterior blade; pharyngeal teeth widely set, sharp and stout, but not enlarged; gill-rakers stout, not elongated, the largest ones flattened; 20-24 scales in upper part of lateral line, 10-15 in lower; 5-6 scales between the pectoral and pelvic fins (Ref. 55922).Coloration: Live: blotched pattern similar as in preserved specimens (Ref. 55922). Adult territorial males: general color blue; dorsal and anal fin blue-grey; dorsal fin with orange lappets and white submarginal band; brown maculae and striae pattern not well developed; anal fin yellow-orange distally; pectoral fins transparent with grey hue; pelvic fins dark with white leading edge (Ref. 55922). Females: white or yellow with dark blotches; unpaired fins yellow; dorsal fin lappets red-brown; pectoral and pelvic fins transparent with yellow hue; anal fin yellow distally (Ref. 55922). Color pattern of immature and non-territorial males intermediate between female and territorial male pattern, becoming more intense blue on the body with increasing territoriality (Ref. 55922). Preserved: no speckles; 4 stripes on the head radiating from the eye; there are 4 blotches on the dorsal part of the body, 4 midlateral blotches, and 3 less obvious blotches in the ventral region; general body color yellow to dark brown; dorsal part of both head and operculum, and the branchiostegal membranes, usually dark; dorsal and caudal fins with maculae; anal and pelvic fins dark; pectoral fins with spots; dorsal fin in large males with light-colored lappets, as is the trailing edge of the pelvic fins and the ventral edge of the anal fin (Ref. 55922). Snoeks, J. and J. Manuel 2004 The genus <i>Nimbochromis</i> Eccles & Trewavas, 1989. p. 57-85. In Snoeks, J. (ed.) The cichlid diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: identification, distribution and taxonomy. Cichlid Press, El Paso, USA, 360p. (Ref. 55922) FB-Morphology-2274 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2005-09-23 19:04:08 2005-12-01 23:14:27 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2274 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dorsal spines (total): 15 - 16; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 11; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 9 - 10 Snoeks, J. and J. Manuel 2004 The genus <i>Nimbochromis</i> Eccles & Trewavas, 1989. p. 57-85. In Snoeks, J. (ed.) The cichlid diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: identification, distribution and taxonomy. Cichlid Press, El Paso, USA, 360p. (Ref. 55922) FB-Distribution-2274 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-25 00:00:00 2017-08-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2274 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Africa: widespread occurrence in Lake Malawi, upper Shire River and Lake Malombe. Maréchal, C. 1991 Nimbochromis. p. 296-299. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 4989) FB-Uses-2274 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-22 00:00:00 2009-04-29 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2274 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial Konings, A. 1990 Ad Konings's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Malawi. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 495 p. (Ref. 5595) Konings, A. 1990 Ad Konings's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Malawi. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 495 p. (Ref. 5595) FB-LifeCycle-2274 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tom Froese 1991-02-22 00:00:00 2009-04-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=2274&StockCode=2472 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Female takes brood into her mouth and takes care of the young. Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch 1991 Aquarien Atlas. Band. 1. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 992 p. FB-TrophicStrategy-2274 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 2000-03-28 00:00:00 2005-11-09 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public livingstonii http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Occurs in all kinds of habitats but is more common in vegetated areas of sheltered bays (Ref. 5595). Prefers soft, muddy bottoms but is also seen in purely rocky environments (Ref. 5595, 55463). Feeds on fish (Ref. 5595). Has been observed to mimic as dead and then feed on small fish that get close (Ref. 3817, 13371, 55463). Is usually solitary and territorial (Ref. 3817). Konings, A. 1990 Ad Konings's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Malawi. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 495 p. (Ref. 5595) FB-Size-2274 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-22 00:00:00 2009-04-29 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2274 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat 25.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 5595)); 20 cm TL (female) Konings, A. 1990 Ad Konings's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Malawi. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 495 p. (Ref. 5595) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-2274-733 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-09-03 00:00:00 2003-09-03 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2274&StockCode=2472 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Bacterial Infections (general). Bacterial diseases Bassleer, G. 1997 Color guide of tropical fish diseases: on freshwater fish. Bassleer Biofish, Westmeerbeek, Belgium. 272 p. (Ref. 41805) FB-Diseases-2274-360 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-09-03 00:00:00 2003-09-03 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2274&StockCode=2472 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Hole-in-the-Head Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Bassleer, G. 1997 Color guide of tropical fish diseases: on freshwater fish. Bassleer Biofish, Westmeerbeek, Belgium. 272 p. (Ref. 41805) FB-Diseases-2274-14 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-09-03 00:00:00 2003-09-03 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=2274&StockCode=2472 White spot Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Bassleer, G. 1997 Color guide of tropical fish diseases: on freshwater fish. Bassleer Biofish, Westmeerbeek, Belgium. 272 p. (Ref. 41805) FB-Habitat-2274 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-22 00:00:00 2009-04-29 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2274 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size demersal; non-migratory; freshwater; pH range: 8.0 - 8.0; dH range: 9 - 19; depth range 0 - 114 m (Ref. 55922), usually ? - 78 m (Ref. 55922) Snoeks, J. and J. Manuel 2004 The genus <i>Nimbochromis</i> Eccles & Trewavas, 1989. p. 57-85. In Snoeks, J. (ed.) The cichlid diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: identification, distribution and taxonomy. Cichlid Press, El Paso, USA, 360p. (Ref. 55922) Snoeks, J. and J. Manuel 2004 The genus <i>Nimbochromis</i> Eccles & Trewavas, 1989. p. 57-85. In Snoeks, J. (ed.) The cichlid diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: identification, distribution and taxonomy. Cichlid Press, El Paso, USA, 360p. (Ref. 55922)