FB-1896 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1896 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Carangiformes Carangidae Caranx Caranx bucculentus Alleyne & Macleay, 1877 Chederobk Cherobk Erobk Eropk Gish-e-bozorg Karanks zóltopletwy Xaréu gigante Reuse koningvis Bayad Dibsy Girim Hammam kabir Jesh Jash yep شيم مُتَصلِّب Mamsa Samin-samin Talakitok Trakito Kæmpetrevalle Barrier trevally Black ulua Forsskål's Indo-Pacific jack fish Giant kingfish Giant trevally Giant ulua Goyan fish Great trevally Horse mackerel Horse mackerel trevally Jack Kingfish Lowly trevally Pampano Trevally White ulua Yellowfin jack Koljat-hobumakrell Saqa saqa leka Saqaleka wai ni kodrokodro Carangue à grosse tête Carangue gros tête Carangue grosse tête Carangue têtue Grosse carangue Pauu'u Ulua aukea Mansa Rônin-aji ಗೊಂಡ್ಲು Ikbwij Ikubuj Kubkub Tarakito Kuluvel കുലുവെല് കുളുവേല് പാറ  Among-among Bagat Bagat mamong Belukok mamong Berkas Cupak Gerepoh Ikan puteh Jamah Kedemut Kerepoh Mamong Putih Selar Selusung Batola Kikao Lanora Treotreoka Ulua Sapo'anae Baal-guguud Karambazi Kolekole Omuri Pa'aihere upoo rahi Upoo rahi Urua Uruati செமபாறை   புலீ பாறை   கீளீசை  கொமாரா பாறை  தேங்கா பாறை   பாற  பாறை  வெண்ணை பாறை  Jarradandree-parah జర్రడెండ్రీ పారా  పారా  పుల్లి పారై   మంజల్ పారై    Malapito Malipito Maliputo Maliputong laot Mamsa Pipikat Talakitok Sikunphueak สีกุนเผือก Cá Khế vây vàng Jurel gigante Akao Antriotrioka Atanagul parawa Bontok Bulatot Burgahi Bwaom Cahoa Carangue grande face Carangue gros tête Carangue grosse race Carangue pièce noire Dawa Doo Drotrii Fuaika Gapok Gerepoh Gourou Kara uluga Karang ledan Kikao bevody Kliuk Koku Koku metan Komulo Komuri Langog Lanoramalekoko Lison Loron Lupohama Mamulan Mangsa Mangsah Mara batu batu Mata ura Meah pote Momsa Nelom Nokôdoo N'tsihitsihi Paanget Simba moo Siria Songowa Taligu mane Uauaoge Turiu Uluakata Urua Urupiti Wadhan Yetam-gaigumaw Yoruniwor 大魚仔 散鰺 散鲹 浪人鰺 浪人鲹 狗魚 狗鱼 珍鰺 珍鲹 牛公鲹 牛港瓜仔 牛港鲹 賴氏鰺 赖氏鲹 Carangus hippoides Jenkins, 1903 Caranx carangus (non Bloch, 1793) Caranx ekala Cuvier, 1833 Caranx ignoblis (Forsskål, 1775) Caranx lessonii Lesson, 1831 Caranx sansun (Fabricius, 1775) Scomber ignobilis Forsskål, 1775 Scomber sansum Fabricius, 1775 Scomber sansun Fabricius, 1775 1990-11-10 2019-01-24 Coppola, S.R., W. 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Institut Récifs Coralliens Pacifique, CRIOBE et The Pew Charitable Trusts Polynésie française. Polynésie française, Tahiti, p. 342. (Ref. 108064) Peyton, K.A., T.S. Sakihara, L.K. Nishiura, T.T. Shindo, T.E. Shimoda, S. Hau, A. Akiona and K. Lorance0 Length-weight relationships for common juvenile fishes and prey species in Hawaiian estuaries. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 32:499-502. (Ref. 111300) Torres, F. Jr.0 Species list for the five municipalities in Southern Palawan. Personal Communication [31/03/17]. (Ref. 114805) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) SCRFA, Science and Conservation of Fish Aggregations0 SCRFA database. 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A rapid biological assessment of Timor-Leste. Conservation International. (Ref. 118793) Palla, H.P., H.B. Pagliawan, E.F. Rodriguez, B.S.M.G.T. Cacho, B.J. Gonzales, C. Bonnell and T. Fowler0 Length-weight relationship of marine fishes from Palawan, Philippines. The Palawan Scientist 10:17-28. (Ref. 118794) Smallwood, C.B., A. Tate and K.L. Ryan0 Weight-length summaries for Western Australian fish species derived from surveys of recreational fishers at boat ramps. Fisheries Research Report No. 278, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia. 151pp. (Ref. 119023) Wilson, K.D.P.0 Artificial reefs and reef fish in Hong Kong. Hong Kong: Friends of the Country Parks & Cosmos Books Ltd., 176p. (Ref. 119494) Friedlander, A.M., J.E. Caselle, E. Ballesteros, E.K. Brown, A. Turchik and E. Sala0 The real bounty: marine biodiversity in the Pitcairn Islands. PLoS ONE 9(6):e100142. (Ref. 121505) Songco, A.0 Personal communication. Tubbataha species list. 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Wong0 Juvenile fish assemblages in mangrove and non-mangrove soft-shore habitats in eastern Hong Kong. Zool. Stud. 49(6):760-778. (Ref. 125515) Aranas, Kevin Nikko E.0 Reef Fishes Caught by Bobo Fish Traps in Barangay Daliao, Toril, Davao City Davao City (Philippines): University of Southern Philippines, B.Sc. Thesis, 161 p. (Ref. 126188) Grove, J.S., D.J. Long, D.R. Robertson and B.C. Victor0 List of fishes of the Galapagos Archipelago, Ecuador. J. Ocean Sci. Found. 39:14-22. (Ref. 127348) Hazes, B.0 Hazes' underwater photos. Collection of Philippine underwater photos. Unpublished. (Ref. 127519) Dixon, R., T. Murray, B. Mann, P. Cowley and G. Jordaan0 Movement patterns of the iconic giant trevally <i>Caranx ignobilis</i> from southern Africa, determined using tag-recapture data. Fisheries Research 263(0):106693. (Ref. 129497) Wetherbee, B.M., K.N. Holland, C.G. Meyer and C.G. Lowe0 Use of a marine reserve in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii by the giant trevally, Caranx ignobilis Fisheries Research 67(3):253-263. (Ref. 129814) Lédée, E.J.I., M. Heupel, A.J. Tobin and C.A. Simpfendorfer0 Movements and space use of giant trevally in coral reef habitats and the importance of environmental drivers. Animal Biotelemetry 3:6. (Ref. 129972) Rongo, T. and R. van Woesik0 Ciguatera poisoning in Rarotonga, southern Cook Islands. Harmful Algae 10(2011):348-355. (Ref. 130160) Balisco, R.A.T., V.S. Ticzon, B.R. Samaniego, W.-C. Huang, B.J. Gonzales and T.-Y. Liao0 Marine fishes of Palawan, Philippines: species diversity, new records, and conservation status. Regional Studies in Marine Science 60(2023) 102825:1-10. (Ref. 130287) Chu, E. and D. Pauly0 The relationship between mean length at maturity and maximum length in coral reef fish. Fishes 9(4)[130]:1-18. (Ref. 131468) Muallil, R.N., A.M. Tambihasan, M.J. Enojario, R.T. Tarabasa, A.A. Habibuddin, A.S. Injani, M.A.T. Ammang, A.S. Aksa and C.L. Nañola Jr.0 Data on the length-weight relationship of 161 species of commercially important coral reef fishes in Tawi-Tawi islands, Southern Philippines. Data in Brief 50. (Ref. 132177) Béarez, P. and L. Bouffandeau0 Fishing for survival: The forgotten slaves of Tromelin Island (Indian Ocean). Int J Osteoarchaeol. 29:487-498. (Ref. 137464) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) Zhao, R., B. Kang, Y. Chen, V.T.T. Lam, Y.H. Yeung, L.W.H. Li, K.M.Y. Leung and M. Yan0 Multifaceted biological indicators reveal an effective conservation scheme for marine protected areas. Ecol. Indic. 166(112389):1-11. (Ref. 137701) Petit-Marty, N., M. Vázquez-Luis and I.E. Hendriks0 Use of the nucleotide diversity in COI mitochondrial gene as an early diagnostic of conservation status of animal species. Conserv. Lett. 14(1):1-7. (Ref. 138103) FB-pic-1895-4329 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1995-06-01 2010-07-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1895 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Caign_u4.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Caign_u4.jpg FB-pic-1895-7464 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-01-21 1997-04-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1895 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Caign_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Caign_u0.gif FB-pic-1895-8426 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-14 2000-03-30 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1895 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Caign_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Caign_u0.jpg FB-pic-1895-8427 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-14 2000-03-30 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1895 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Black Point Locality: Port Essington, Northern Territory, Australia. http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Caign_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Caign_u1.jpg Locality: Port Essington, Northern Territory, Australia. FB-pic-1895-11885 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-09-06 1997-04-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1895 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Caign_u1.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Caign_u1.gif FB-GeneralDescr-1895 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2019-03-28 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1895 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Adults are pelagic over sand and rock (Ref. 58302). They occur singly and inhabit clear lagoon and seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). They feed on crustaceans (like crabs and spiny lobsters) and fishes at night (Ref. 4887). Juveniles are found in estuaries. Large individuals may be ciguatoxic. The largest trevally reaches 1.7 m in length and a weight of over 60 kg (Ref. 48635). Spawning occurs on shallow seaward reefs and offshore banks (Ref. 37816). Sold mostly fresh and dried salted. Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley 1989 Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300) FB-DiagnosticDescr-1895 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-01-31 00:00:00 2019-01-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1895 This species is distinguished by the following characters: gill rakers (including rudiments) 5-7 + 15-17 = 20-24; breast naked ventrally, typically with a small to large patch of prepelvic scales; colour in life of adults, head and body silvery grey to black above, usually paler below; fins usually uniformly grey to black, fish from turbid coastal waters often with yellow fins, the anal fin usually brightest (Ref. 9894). Description: Body oblong and compressed, dorsal profile strongly convex anteriorly, ventral profile slightly convex. Adipose eyelid moderately developed, small anteriorly, posterior adipose eyelid extends onto eye to rear border of pupil. End of upper jaw extends to posterior edge of pupil or a little beyond. Upper jaw with outer row of strong canines widely spaced in adults, and an inner band of small villiform teeth, widest at symphysis; lower jaw with a single row of strong conical teeth widely spaced in adults (Ref. 9894, 90102). Smith-Vaniz, W.F. 1999 Carangidae. Jacks and scads (also trevallies, queenfishes, runners, amberjacks, pilotfishes, pampanos, etc.). p. 2659-2756. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). Rome, FAO. 2069-2790 p. (Ref. 9894) FB-Morphology-1895 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-01-31 00:00:00 2019-01-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1895 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 18 - 21; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 15 - 17; Vertebrae: 24 Smith-Vaniz, W.F. 1999 Carangidae. Jacks and scads (also trevallies, queenfishes, runners, amberjacks, pilotfishes, pampanos, etc.). p. 2659-2756. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). Rome, FAO. 2069-2790 p. (Ref. 9894) FB-Distribution-1895 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2025-09-10 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1895 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and east coast of Africa to the Hawaiian and Marquesan islands, north to southern Japan (Ref. 559) and the Ogasawara Islands, south to northern Australia. Hybrid with Caranx melampygus found in Hawaii (Ref. 58422). Fricke, R. 1999 Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31:759 p. (Ref. 33390) FB-Uses-1895 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2019-03-28 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1895 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: public aquariums Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) Liao, C.-I., H.-M. Su and E.Y. Chang 2001 Techniques in finfish larviculture in Taiwan. Aquaculture 200(2001):1-31. (Ref. 40297) International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) Joannot, P. 1997 List of fishes in the Noumea aquarium. Unpublished. (Ref. 13603) FB-TrophicStrategy-1895 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1992-12-02 00:00:00 2020-11-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public ignobilis http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Pelagic species which occurs in inshore waters of the continental shelf (Ref. 75154). Usually solitary or in pairs. Adult occurs singly and inhabits clear lagoon and seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). Juvenile found in estuaries. Young usually found in summer (Ref. 4887). Primarily feeds nocturnally but may also feed to a lesser extent during the day (Ref. 122680). Feeds on crustaceans (like crabs and spiny lobsters) and fishes at night (Ref. 4887). Large individual may be ciguatoxic. It’s the largest trevally, reaching 1.7 m in length and a weight of over 60 kg (Ref. 48635). Spawns on shallow seaward reefs and offshore banks (Ref. 37816). Honebrink, R. 1990 Fishing in Hawaii: a student manual. Education Program, Division of Aquatic Resources, Honolulu, Hawaii. 79 p. (Ref. 4887) FB-Size-1895 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2019-03-28 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1895 170 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 9710)); max. published weight: 80.0 kg (Ref. 4795) Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710) Bagnis, R., P. Mazellier, J. Bennett and E. Christian 1984 Poissons de Polynésie, 5th Edition. Société Nouvelle des Editions du Pacifique, Elysées, France. (Ref. 4795) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-1895-673 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-01-08 00:00:00 2003-01-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1895&StockCode=2091 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Caligus Infestation 11. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Ho, J.S. and C.L. Lin 2001 Sea lice (Copepoda, Caligidae) parasitic on carangid fishes of Taiwan. Fish. Soc. Taiwan 28(3):177-201. (Ref. 44904) FB-Habitat-1895 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2019-03-28 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1895 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat reef-associated; brackish; marine; depth range 10 - 188 m (Ref. 58302) Mundy, B.C. 2005 Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Mus. Bull. Zool. (6):1-704. (Ref. 58302)