Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.5 - 24.8, mean 21 °C (based on 150 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01995 (0.00906 - 0.04395), b=3.01 (2.83 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (tmax assumed to be > 10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 37.8 [22.7, 60.1] mg/100g ; Iron = 0.497 [0.329, 0.822] mg/100g ; Protein = 19.5 [18.4, 20.5] % ; Omega3 = 0.126 [0.084, 0.187] g/100g ; Selenium = 38.5 [22.3, 69.7] μg/100g ; VitaminA = 39.6 [12.7, 114.2] μg/100g ; Zinc = 0.864 [0.597, 1.244] mg/100g (wet weight);