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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts) > Plectorhinchinae
Etymology: Plectorhinchus: Greek, plektos = plaited + Greek, rhyngchos = snout (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Boulenger.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / пределы глубины / distribution range
экология
морской; солоноватоводный донно-пелагический; пределы глубины 10 - ? m (Ref. 2683). Tropical; 15°N - 13°S
Eastern Atlantic: west African coast, from Senegal to Democratic Republic of Congo (Ref. 81655) and Angola (Ref. 7376, 57395).
Size / Вес / Возраст
половая зрелость: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 53.8 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 126428); common length : 30.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 5476); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 2.8 kg (Ref. 126428)
колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 14; членистые (мягкие) лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 16; колючие лучи анального плавника: 3; членистые (мягкие) лучи анального плавника: 7. Diagnosis: body oblong, rather deep; dorsal profile strongly convex at level of dorsal-fin origin (Ref. 57395). Snout at least as long as eye diameter (Ref. 57395), eyes large (Ref. 81655). Mouth oblique (Ref. 57395), small (Ref. 81655) with very thick (Ref. 57395) and fleshy (Ref. 81655) lips. Chin with 6 pores (erroneously reported as 4 since original species description; Ref. 81655), but without median pit (Ref. 57395). Dorsal fin long; second anal fin spine longest and stoutest; ctenoid scales covering body and head (except snout) and interradial membranes of soft parts of dorsal and anal fins (Ref. 57395). Caudal fin rounded (Ref. 57395, 81655).
Coloration: uniformly brown, more or less dark; young individuals often with lighter spots on flanks (Ref. 57395, 81655). In small specimens (< 60 mm SL), distal part of soft dorsal fin, posterior 3/4 of caudal fin and distal part of anal fin transparent (Ref. 81655).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Relatively rare species (Ref. 57395). Inhabits coastal waters (Ref. 3660, 57395), estuaries and coastal lagoons (Ref. 2683). Juveniles and sub-adults often in estuaries and lagoons (Ref. 2135, 57395, 81655), in freshwater (Ref. 2135), where sexual maturation begins (Ref. 57395).
Life cycle and mating behavior
половая зрелость | размножение | нерест | икра | Fecundity | личинки
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
Roux, C., 1990. Haemulidae. p. 783-788. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6946)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Угроза для людей
Harmless
Использование человеком
рыболовство: коммерческий
дополнительная информация
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
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ресурсы в Интернет
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (ссылка
123201): 22.6 - 27.9, mean 26.3 °C (based on 40 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (ссылка
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01950 (0.00835 - 0.04555), b=2.95 (2.76 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (ссылка
69278): 3.8 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (ссылка
120179): средний (среднего размера), минимальное время удвоения популяции 1.4-4.4 года (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (89 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 72.6 [20.8, 161.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.726 [0.384, 1.531] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [15.9, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.176 [0.077, 0.347] g/100g; Selenium = 56.4 [26.6, 114.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.4 [7.2, 56.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.19 [0.77, 1.83] mg/100g (wet weight);
