分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Paralichthyidae (Large-tooth flounders)
Etymology: Paralichthys: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, ichthys = fish + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ginsburg.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 185 m (Ref. 5217). 熱帶
Western Central Atlantic: Colombia and Venezuela to Trinidad and Tobago. Reported to range south to Suriname (Ref. 13608).
中西大西洋: 到千里達託貝哥共和國的哥倫比亞與委內瑞拉。 報告排列南至蘇利南.(參考文獻 13608)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217); common length : 40.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217)
背的软条 (总数) : 69 - 80; 臀鳍软条: 55 - 64. Head moderately pointed; brown with numerous roundish dark spots on head, body and fins, many as large or larger than eyes; also numerous small dark and small pale spots; teeth uniserial, the anterior ones enlarged; origin of dorsal fin above or slightly anterior to the front edge of eyes; caudal fin biconcave; pelvic fins short-based, symmetrically placed, and subequal (Ref. 13442).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
头部一般尖; 在头部，身体与鳍上褐色的有很多的圆深色斑点, 如大或大于眼的多数; 也很多的小黑而小的灰白斑点; 齿排成一列的, 前面的一些增大了; 背鳍起点在眼的前缘上面或略前; 尾鳍两面凹的; 腹鳍基底短的,对称地放置了, 与几乎相等的.(参考文献 13442)
Found over muddy and sandy bottoms. Marketed fresh.
发现在泥泞多沙的底部上了。 在市场上销售生鲜地了。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).中西大西洋: 到千里達託貝哥共和國的哥倫比亞與委內瑞拉。 報告排列南至蘇利南.(參考文獻 13608)
Randall, J.E. and R. Vergara, 1978. Bothidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). FAO, Rome. Vol. 1. pag.var. (Ref. 3275)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
工具
特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (参考文献
123201): 23.2 - 28, mean 26.5 °C (based on 246 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00289 - 0.01442), b=3.17 (2.99 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 4.1 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
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