Environment: milieu / climate zone / intervalo de profundidade / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas demersal; intervalo de profundidade 2 - 170 m (Ref. 56557), usually 100 - ? m (Ref. 84246). Temperate
Northwest Pacific: offshore waters around Japan, Korea, China, Taiwan and southern East China Sea.
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 559); peso máx. Publicado: 1.0 kg (Ref. 56557)
Descrição breve
Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria
Raios dorsais moles (total) : 67 - 81; Raios anais moles: 48 - 58; Vértebras: 35 - 37. This species is distinguished by the following characters: scale length (from trunk area) is greater than 1.33% of SL, the whole scale outline oval, exposed margin rounded; scales highly deciduous, longitudinal rows occasionally irregular; upper eye area usually greater than that of lower eye, area ratio 0.93–1.44; central longitudinal scales 75-87, scales below lateral line 47-57; abdominal vertebrae 12-13 (mostly 12) (126213).
Cross section: flattened.
Inhabits sandy and muddy bottoms in coastal areas (Ref. 9137, 11230); but mainly muddy bottoms in offshore deeper (from ca. 40m) waters, possibly due to its highly deciduous scales, it may avoid sandy bottoms. It occurs in lower densities than P. lighti in shallower coastal waters, including the Seto Inland Sea (Ref. 126213). Recorded from several depth ranges from the following localities: 40-60 m off Soma, Fukushima Prefecture; 40-75 m in Kii Channel; ca. 140-150 m off Hamada, Shimane Prefecture; ca. 60 m in Seto Inland Sea; and, 76-143 m in East China Sea. It was also reported from 30 to 140 m in the Kii Channel, being especially numerous from deeper than 100 m (Ref. 84246). The flesh of this species is soft, and the quality declining quickly after death, that the species has a low market value (Ref. 126213).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Ameaça para o homem
Harmless
Utilização humana
Pescarias: espécies comerciais
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.9 - 25.2, mean 20.7 °C (based on 278 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.01036 - 0.02113), b=3.00 (2.90 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Médio, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.16).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
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