Elasmobranchi (squali e razze) (sharks and rays) >
Heterodontiformes (Bullhead and horn sharks) >
Heterodontidae (Bullhead, horn, or Port Jackson sharks)
Etymology: Heterodontus: heteros (Gr.), different; odontos (Gr.), tooth, referring to pointy teeth (for clutching prey) at front of jaws, different than rounded molar-like teeth (for grinding hard-shelled invertebrates) at the back (See ETYFish); japonicus: -icus, (Gr.) belonging to: Japan, described from a collection of fishes from the seas of Japan (See ETYFish).
More on authors: Miklouho-Maclay & Macleay.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / distribuzione batimetrica / distribution range
Ecologia
marino demersale; distribuzione batimetrica 6 - 100 m (Ref. 106604). Subtropical; 43°N - 23°N, 118°E - 143°E
Northwest Pacific: off Japan, Korean Republic, northern China including Taiwan Island.
Size / Peso / Age
Maturità: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 247)
Found near shore on the continental shelf, more commonly on rocky and kelp-covered bottom (Ref. 43278, 11230). Feeds on crustaceans, mollusks (including top shells), small fishes and sea urchins. Oviparous (Ref. 43278, 50449). Grabs prey by protruding its jaw with considerable distance.
Oviparous. Eggs are laid in rocks or in kelp at depths of about 8 or 9 m and are present from March through September. Eggs are more abundant, however, in March and April. Eggs are hatched in about a year; size at hatching is about 18 cm. There may be a `nest' for several females laying eggs but this is not a true nest. A female lays two eggs at a time, for 6 to 12 spawnings.
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Traumatogenic
Human uses
Pesca: scarso interesse commerciale
Strumenti
Special reports
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Fonti Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Fonte Biblio.
123201): 16.6 - 23.5, mean 20.5 °C (based on 50 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Fonte Biblio.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5029 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00380 (0.00165 - 0.00876), b=3.15 (2.95 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Fonte Biblio.
69278): 3.6 ±0.53 se; based on food items.
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio.
120179): Basso, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 4.5 - 14 anni (Fec=12).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
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