分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 3 - 58 m (Ref. 1602). 熱帶; 36°N - 48°S, 24°E - 132°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa eastward through Indonesia to Tuamotus, northward to southern Japan, southward to Lord Howe Island.
印度-太平洋: 紅海與東非 (參考文獻 4919) 到 Tuamoto 島, 北至日本南部, 南至羅得豪島。 東南大西洋: 南非的南部海岸.(參考文獻 4919)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 54.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5450)
背棘 (總數): 0; 背的軟條 (總數): 10-12; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 10 - 11. Body covered with prickles (Ref. 559). Juveniles with dark stripes on belly, becoming spots with growth; adults with or without spots on fin (Ref. 4919).
身體覆蓋著刺。 (參考文獻 559) 在腹面上稚魚有深色的斑紋, 變成斑點隨著成長; 成魚有或者沒有斑點在鰭上.(參考文獻 4919)
Relatively uncommon in patch reefs and coral slopes near sandy areas of clear lagoon and seaward reefs. Juveniles occur in sandy and weedy inner reefs, adults on clear lagoons and seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). Juveniles inshore, usually on muddy substrates and often estuarine. Adults on deep slopes and range to outer reefs, sometimes swimming high above the substrate or just below the surface. Pelagic larvae may disperse over great distance and juveniles occur in subtropical zone (Ref. 48637). Enter estuaries (Ref. 4833). Considered as the giant among puffers reaching a total length well in excess of a meter.
相當稀有的在清澈的潟湖與臨海礁石的沙地附近的礁坪與珊瑚礁斜坡中。 稚魚出現在沙而雜草叢生的岩礁內側, 成魚在清澈的潟湖與臨海礁石上.(參考文獻 9710) 稚魚在沿海地區, 通常在泥質底部上與時常河口的。 成魚在深的斜坡上而且排列到外海岩礁, 有時游泳高於底部或緊鄰水面下。 大洋性仔魚可能分散大的距離之上，而且稚魚出現在亞熱帶的區域。 (參考文獻 48637) 進入河口。 (參考文獻 4833) 被當作河豚中的巨人達到一個全長超過一公尺。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous (Ref. 205).印度-太平洋: 紅海與東非 (參考文獻 4919) 到 Tuamoto 島, 北至日本南部, 南至羅得豪島。 東南大西洋: 南非的南部海岸.(參考文獻 4919)
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.4 - 29, mean 27.8 °C (based on 1224 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.04898 (0.03008 - 0.07974), b=2.86 (2.72 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 18 [7, 47] mg/100g; Iron = 0.429 [0.222, 0.944] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [16.7, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.102 [0.053, 0.196] g/100g; Selenium = 45.7 [22.5, 100.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 28.6 [7.6, 110.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.832 [0.550, 1.275] mg/100g (wet weight);
