(كوسه ها و سپرماهيان) (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays) >
Arhynchobatidae (Softnose skates)
Etymology: Bathyraja: Greek, bathys = deep + Latin, raja, -ae = a ray (Raja sp) (Ref. 45335); maculata: Name from the Latin adjective 'maculata' meaning blotched, referring to the color markings on the dorsal side of the disc.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي موجوداتی که در اعماق زیر 200 متر زندگی و تغذیه می کنند; تغييرات عمق 70 - 1200 m (Ref. 131164), usually 400 - 700 m (Ref. 131164). Deep-water; 2°C - 6°C (Ref. 131164); 59°N - 51°N
North Pacific: southern Sea of Okhotsk to the eastern Gulf of Alaska, including the Bering Sea, the waters off the Kuril and Aleutian Islands, and eastern Kamchatka.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm 97.5, range 94 - 101 cm
Max length : 134 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 52075); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 8.5 kg (Ref. 56527)
توصيف مختصر
كليدهاي شناسايي | ريخت شناسي | ريخت ستجي بوسيله انداره گيري
This species is distinguished from its congeners Bathyraja in having a white blotches of different sizes on the dorsal surface of the disk, lateral folds of tail are broad; clasper has a large pseudosiphon; dense silky fibers covering egg capsule (Ref. 75535).
Body shape (shape guide): other.
Exhibited migratory pattern of going toward greater depths during colder months for overwintering, while in the warm period, this species predominantly fed at shallower depths Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 10.19 cm long and 6.28 cm wide (Ref. 41249).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: bycatch
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (مرجع
123201): 1.3 - 3.8, mean 2 °C (based on 27 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00331 (0.00285 - 0.00385), b=3.10 (3.06 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (مرجع
69278): 4.1 ±0.71 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 30.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
جهندگی (مرجع
120179): پايين ، كم, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 5/4 – 14 سال (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (80 of 100).
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