分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts)
仿石鱸科 (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Pomadasys: Greek, poma, -atos = cover, operculum + Greek, dasys = with hair (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 深度上下限 10 - 100 m (Ref. 6946). 亞熱帶的; 47°N - 14°S, 27°W - 14°E
Eastern Atlantic: Angola (Ref. 6946, 57395) to Spain (Ref. 99869); in the Mediterranean (Ref. 95871, 125963).
東大西洋: 直布羅陀海峽到安哥拉, 包括島。 在法國的一個出現的報告.(參考文獻 4517)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 53.5 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 104752); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 6946); 最大年齡: 7 年 (Ref. 52657)
背棘 (總數) : 12; 背的軟條 (總數) : 15 - 16; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 11 - 13; 脊椎骨: 27. Diagnosis: body oblong; snout short, about equal to eye diameter; mouth small, maxilla not reaching anterior edge of eye; 2 anterior pores on chin, followed by a median pit; third anal fin spine equal or longer than second; 11-13 anal soft rays; caudal fin forked; scales slightly ctenoid; 7-8 scale rows between lateral line and middle of spinous dorsal-fin base (Ref. 57395).
Coloration: back dark brown, silvery white on belly; sometimes large dark spots on back and flanks, but never small spots or bands; a black spot at upper angle of opercle (Ref. 57395).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Found over hard bottom (Ref. 2683, 57395) and sand (Ref. 57395). Enters estuaries and lagoons at sexual maturation (Ref. 57395). Feeds on bottom and near-bottom invertebrates (Ref. 5535).
發現在堅硬的底部上了。 (參考文獻 2683) 也發現在沙子上面。 吃底部與接近底部的無脊椎動物。 (參考文獻 5535)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).東大西洋: 直布羅陀海峽到安哥拉, 包括島。 在法國的一個出現的報告.(參考文獻 4517)
Roux, C., 1990. Haemulidae. p. 783-788. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6946)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 February 2009
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
工具
特別的報告
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網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (參考文獻
123201): 18.3 - 27.9, mean 23.1 °C (based on 118 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01349 (0.01067 - 0.01705), b=2.98 (2.94 - 3.02), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 3.8 ±0.52 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=7; K=0.18-0.22;).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 64.3 [13.4, 129.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.934 [0.503, 1.780] mg/100g; Protein = 19.6 [17.7, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.377 [0.203, 0.623] g/100g; Selenium = 26.2 [14.0, 47.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.9 [5.1, 27.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.791 [0.559, 1.130] mg/100g (wet weight);
