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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Pentheroscion: Greek, pente = five + Greek, oschion = scrotum (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Poll.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ / distribution range
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
ສັດທະເລ ອາໄສຢູ່ໃກ້ໜ້າດິນໃຕ້ພື້ນທ້ອງນ້ຳ; ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ 50 - 350 m (Ref. 2683), usually 80 - 200 m (Ref. 3593). Deep-water; 12°N - 17°S
Eastern Atlantic: Guinea to southern Angola.
ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age
ການຈະເລີນເຕັມໄວ: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 56.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 3593); common length : 25.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 3593)
Found in deep shelf and upper slopes over mud, sand and rock bottoms. Also moves in midwater, in equatorial regions below the thermocline (Ref. 3593).
Life cycle and mating behavior
ການຈະເລີນເຕັມໄວ | ການສືບພັນ | ການວາງໄຂ່ | ໄຂ່ | ຄວາມດົກຂອງໄຂ່ປາ | ຕົວອ່ອນ
Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
ການປະມົງ: ເປັນສີນຄ້າ
ເຄື່ອງມື
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ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
123201): 14 - 17.1, mean 15.6 °C (based on 25 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00575 (0.00280 - 0.01185), b=3.12 (2.95 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
69278): 3.7 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ
120179): ຂະໜາດກາງ, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 1.4 - 4.4 ປີ (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 30.2 [14.5, 68.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.391 [0.180, 0.879] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [17, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.222 [0.099, 0.458] g/100g; Selenium = 19.2 [7.4, 46.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.7 [1.6, 48.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.388 [0.253, 0.606] mg/100g (wet weight);
