分類 / Names
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Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Stromateidae (Butterfishes)
Etymology: Peprilus: Greek, peprilos, paprax, certain fish from Tracia.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態学
海; 汽水性の 底生の漂泳性; 海洋回遊性 (Ref. 51243); 深さの範囲 15 - 420 m (Ref. 58426), usually ? - 55 m (Ref. 53006). Subtropical; 62°N - 26°N, 87°W - 52°W
Western Atlantic: from Labrador (Ref. 58426) to the gulf coasts of Florida (Ref. 2702). Absent in Bermuda or Caribbean (Ref. 26938).
Length at first maturity / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
Maturity: Lm 12.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 7251); common length : 20.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 2702)
背面の脊椎 (合計): 3; 肛門の骨 3. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body oval to somewhat elongate, moderately deep (its depth 2.7 to 3 times in total length) and strongly compressed; eye medium-sized (its diameter 3.4 to 3.7 times in head length), surrounded by a small area of adipose tissue; snout short and blunt, lower jaw projecting somewhat beyond upper; mouth small, tip of maxillary not reaching to anterior eye margin; teeth in jaws very small, in a single row, while those in the upper jaw flattened and with 3 tiny cusps; dorsal and anal-fin bases very long (about equal in length), the anterior fin rays elevated, but fins not falcate, and both fins preceded by 3 short, weak, spines; caudal fin deeply forked; pectoral fins long (longer than head) and pointed; pelvic fins absent; a conspicuous series of 17 to 25 pores along anterior half of body under dorsal fin; lateral line high, following dorsal profile; scales small, present also on cheeks; caudal vertebrae 17 to 20; body color pale blue above, silvery below; numerous irregular dark spots on sides in live fish (fading after death) (Ref. 53006).
Forms large schools over the continental shelf, except during the winter months when it may descend to deeper water. Juveniles are generally found under floating weeds and jellyfish. Often found in brackish waters (Ref. 26938). Nerito-pelagic (Ref. 58426). Adults feeds mainly on jellyfish (Ref. 26938), squids, arrow worms, crustaceans and worms (Ref. 58426). Marketed fresh, smoked and frozen; eaten fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Mostly frozen and exported to Japan.
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Human uses
水産業: 商業; ゲームフィッシュ: はい
より多くの情報
協力者画像Stamps, Coins Misc.音シガテラ（食中毒の名前）速度泳ぐ 型式カマOtoliths脳視覚
用具
特記事項
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インターネットの情報源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 5.1 - 24.7, mean 21.7 °C (based on 250 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01230 (0.00872 - 0.01735), b=3.14 (3.04 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
栄養段階 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高い, １５か月以下の倍増期間の最小個体群 (K=0.8(?); tm=1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (22 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 72.3 [28.5, 163.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.903 [0.420, 1.790] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.4, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.509 [0.299, 0.844] g/100g; Selenium = 40.4 [18.9, 79.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.6 [4.9, 43.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.93 [0.59, 1.40] mg/100g (wet weight);
