Environment: milieu / climate zone / kisaran kedalaman / distribution range					
						Ekologi					
				
				
				
					; air tawar dasar (demersal). Tropical				
				
			
			
			
				
				
				
					South America:  São Francisco River basin in Brazil.
				
				
			
			
				
					Size / Weight / umur
				
				
				
					Kematangan: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
 Max length : 36.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 37054)				
				 
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
							
			
			
			
			
				
					Life cycle and mating behavior					
					Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva				
				
				
				
								
				
			
			 
				
				
				
					Sabaj, M.H. and C.J. Ferraris Jr., 2003. Doradidae (Thorny catfishes). p. 456-469. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 37054)
				
				 
			
			
			
							
					
						Status IUCN Red List   (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
					
					
				 
					
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				
					ancaman kepada manusia  
				
				
				
					  Harmless				
				
			 
			
			
			
			
				
					penggunaan manusia  				
				
				
									
				
				
			
			
						
			
			
			
				
Alat, peralatan
				
			
			
			
				
laporan khas
 
				
			
			
			
				
muat turun XML
				
			
			
			
				
					Sumber internet
				
				
			
			
			
				
					Estimates based on models				
				
				
				
				
				
					
					Phylogenetic diversity index  (Acuan 
82804):  PD
50 = 1.0000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].					
													Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00333 - 0.03148), b=3.10 (2.84 - 3.36), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 
93245).
					
					Trophic level  (Acuan 
69278):  2.8   ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives					
											
				
				
										
						Daya lenting  (Acuan 
120179):  sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).					
											
				
									
					Fishing Vulnerability  (Ref. 
59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100). 
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