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Atheriniformes (Silversides) >
Atherinidae (Silversides) > Atherininae
Etymology: Atherina: Greek, atherina, the Greek name for the eperlane; 1770 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / djupintervall / distribution range
Ekologi
marina; brackvatten pelagic-neritic; havsvandrande (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 1 - 10 m (Ref. 55871). Subtropical; 60°N - 14°N, 26°W - 17°E
Eastern Atlantic: Kattegat (rare) and British Isles to Canary Islands, Mauritania and Cape Verde, also western Mediterranean.
Size / Vikt / Age
Könsmognad: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 30578); rapporterad maxålder: 4 år (Ref. 232)
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 7 - 9; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 11 - 14; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 1; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 14 - 17. Scales in longitudinal series 52-57. Vertebrae 46-52 (Morocco), 49-52 (the Netherlands). No pyloric appendages. A large, characteristic, brilliant silvery stripe running along flanks from head to tail, often outlined in black. No true lateral line (Ref. 232). Eye diameter same with snout length (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Small pelagic fishes in coastal areas and estuaries. Schooling, seasonal migrations in the Atlantic. Feeds on carnivorous small crustaceans and fish larvae (Ref. 5980). Reproduces in spring and summer (Ref. 30578).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Spawning occurs in midsummer in English Channel and North Sea.
Maugé, L.A., 1990. Atherinidae. p. 604-605. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4499)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: husbehovsfiske; sportfisk: ja
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9.2 - 20.3, mean 11.5 °C (based on 348 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00343 - 0.00840), b=3.11 (2.98 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.43 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (K=0.70; tmax=4).
Prior r = 1.00, 95% CL = 0.66 - 1.50, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 171 [101, 345] mg/100g; Iron = 1.8 [1.1, 2.9] mg/100g; Protein = 21 [19, 23] %; Omega3 = 0.412 [0.191, 0.888] g/100g; Selenium = 12.8 [5.9, 27.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25.1 [9.8, 65.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.19 [0.83, 1.72] mg/100g (wet weight);
