分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes)
鰈形目 (Flatfishes) >
Achiridae (American soles)
無臂鰨科 (American soles)
Etymology: Achirus: Greek, a = without + Greek, cheir = hands (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 深度上下限 1 - 20 m (Ref. 36453). 熱帶; 30°N - 44°S, 98°W - 26°W
Western Atlantic: Florida, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to northern Argentina.
西大西洋: 美國的佛羅里達與墨西哥灣北部到阿根廷北部。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 11.1 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 33.1 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 80009); common length : 17.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大體重: 29.50 g (Ref. 118626)
背棘 (總數): 0; 背的軟條 (總數): 52-58; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 39 - 44
Adults occur mainly in brackish or hyper-saline lagoons (Ref. 5217), on sandy-muddy bottoms of estuaries and in the littoral zone where it hides itself leaving just its eyes out. Can easily disguise itself in the environment. Feed on worms, crustaceans and small fishes. Juveniles have a brief planktonic life, moving quickly to the benthic stage. Growth rate is relatively slow (Ref. 35237).
主要生活在半鹹淡或者高鹽度的潟湖 (參考文獻 5217), 在河口的沙泥底上與在海濱的區域中他躲在那裡它本身只把眼睛露在外面。 能容易地在環境偽裝它本身。 吃蠕蟲，甲殼動物與小魚。 稚魚有一個簡短的浮游性生活,快速移動到底棲性階段。 它的成長率相當慢。 (參考文獻 35237)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西大西洋: 美國的佛羅里達與墨西哥灣北部到阿根廷北部。
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人類使用
水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.5 - 28.1, mean 27.2 °C (based on 937 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01230 (0.01024 - 0.01478), b=3.14 (3.09 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 53.8 [21.4, 115.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.512 [0.236, 0.922] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.1, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.0771 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 25.4 [13.0, 52.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 59.2 [15.1, 241.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.22 [0.79, 1.79] mg/100g (wet weight);
