Environment: milieu / climate zone / djupintervall / distribution range
Ekologi
marina; brackvatten bottenlevande; djupintervall 1 - 50 m (Ref. 9331), usually 1 - 20 m (Ref. 9331). Subtropical; 44°N - 25°N, 125°W - 109°W
Eastern Pacific: Cape Mendocino in northern California, USA to southern Baja California, Mexico; isolated population in the Gulf of California.
Size / Vikt / Age
Könsmognad: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 46.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 2850); rapporterad maxålder: 9 år (Ref. 72462)
Occur on muddy or sandy bottoms, often in bays and sloughs. Feed almost totally during daylight (Ref. 9642) on polychaetes and siphons of bivalves (Ref. 9331). Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: saknar intresse
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 12.7 - 22.9, mean 20.9 °C (based on 34 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01660 (0.00691 - 0.03983), b=3.01 (2.80 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (tm=2.5; tmax=9).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
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