分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 275 m (Ref. 58426), usually 30 - 100 m (Ref. 56557). 溫帶; 63°N - 32°N, 145°E - 21°W (Ref. 57358)
Arctic, Northwest to Northeast Pacific: Arctic Alaska to the Sea of Japan and Balboa Island, southern California, USA. Western Atlantic: northern Quebec, Canada to North Carolina, USA. The Arctic and Pacific populations may be a separate species, distinct from the Atlantic populations (Ref. 7251).
北極圈與太平洋: 日本海阿拉斯加到北極圈與貝波島，美國的南加州。 西大西洋: 加拿大魁北克到美國北卡羅萊那州北部。 北極圈與太平洋族群可能是一個個別的種, 不同於大西洋的族群.(參考文獻 7251)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 11 - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 56394); common length : 17.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 56557); 最大体重: 100.00 g (Ref. 56527); 最大年龄: 11 年 (Ref. 56557)
背棘 (总数): 0; 背的软条 (总数): 58-63; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 28 - 31; 脊椎骨: 68 - 72. Resembles A personatus in body shape but distinguished by its numerous dorsal fin rays (58 to 63 against 55 to 59) an vertebrae (68 against 67), and larger eyes. Lateral plicae 144 to 161.
在体型中与 一 personatus 相似但是藉着它的很多背鳍鳍条 (58 到 63 倚靠 55 到 59) 一个脊椎骨 (68 倚靠 67), 与较大的眼区别了。 侧面的皱摺 144 到 161.
May occur in large schools near the surface both inshore and offshore, but also buries itself in sand (Ref. 2850). Inshore, found from intertidal to subtidal areas (Ref. 2850). Offshore, found near the surface over deep water (Ref. 2850). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Juveniles and adults feed on zooplankton (Ref. 28499). Utilized dried or salted and frozen; sometimes targeted as a raw material for fishmeal; eaten fried (Ref. 9988).
可能出现在大群鱼群中接近水表面岸边与外海, 也掩藏于沙子中.(参考文献 2850) 沿海地区, 从潮间带到亚潮带区发现。 (参考文献 2850) 外海, 发现在深水域上的接近水表面。 (参考文献 2850) 稚鱼与成鱼吃浮游动物。 (参考文献 28499) 利用干燥或盐腌与冷冻; 有时锁定作为一个原料用于鱼粉; 油炸后食用.(参考文献 9988)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 101747).北極圈與太平洋: 日本海阿拉斯加到北極圈與貝波島，美國的南加州。 西大西洋: 加拿大魁北克到美國北卡羅萊那州北部。 北極圈與太平洋族群可能是一個個別的種, 不同於大西洋的族群.(參考文獻 7251)
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
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合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.声音神经毒速度泳型鳃区Otoliths脑重体重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.5 - 8.9, mean 3.4 °C (based on 527 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00257 (0.00141 - 0.00468), b=3.15 (2.99 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=2-3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 33.2 [17.7, 66.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.29 [0.16, 0.53] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [17.0, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 0.425 [0.202, 0.872] g/100g; Selenium = 15.9 [6.5, 35.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 42.7 [13.4, 141.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.874 [0.593, 1.270] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
