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Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs) >
Percidae (Perches) > Etheostomatinae
Etymology: Percina: Latin, diminutive of perch = perch (Ref. 45335); caprodes: caprodes meaning pig-like, referring to the snout shape (Ref. 10294).
More on author: Rafinesque.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / εύρος βάθους / distribution range
Οικολογία
; Γλυκού νερού βενθοπελαγικό. Temperate; 60°N - 30°N
North America: St. Lawrence-Great Lakes, Hudson Bay and Mississippi River basins from Quebec to Saskatchewan in Canada south to Gulf of Mexico; and Atlantic and Gulf Slope drainages in the USA.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 5723); common length : 12.5 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 12193); μεγ. αναφερόμενη ηλικία: 3.00 έτη (Ref. 12193)
Most common over gravel and sand in medium-sized rivers but can be found almost anywhere from small, fast-flowing rock-bottomed streams to vegetated lakes (Ref. 5723, 10294). Adults feed on larvae of midges, mayflies, caddisflies (especially hydropsychids), riffle beetles, stoneflies, limpets, and fish eggs (Ref. 10294). Eggs are found buried in the substrate (Ref. 7043).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Αβγά | Γονιμότητα | Προνύμφες
Spawns in running water on sand or fine roots over sand (Ref. 7471). Eggs are found buried in the substrate (Ref. 7043).
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Αναφ.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00631 (0.00359 - 0.01109), b=3.16 (3.00 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Αναφ.
69278): 3.4 ±0.46 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Αναφ.
120179): Μεσαίο(α), ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 1,4 - 4,4 έτη (tmax=3; Fec=97-611).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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