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Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs) > 
Percidae (Perches) > Etheostomatinae						
							
							Etymology: Etheostoma: Greek, etheo = to strain + Greek, stoma = mouth; Rafinesque said "various mouths", but Jordan and Evermann suggest the name might have been intended as "Heterostoma (Ref. 45335); proeliare: proeliare meaning battle, referring to the Civil War battleground near the type locality at Corinth, Mississippi (Ref. 10294).
						
					
				
					Environment: milieu / climate zone / rango de profundidad / distribution range					
						Ecología					
				
				
				
					; agua dulce bentopelágico. Subtropical; 38°N -   29°N				
				
			
			
			
				
				
				
					North America:  ranges from Choctawhatchee River in Florida to San Jacinto River in Texas, and north in the Mississippi River basin to southern Illinois and eastern Oklahoma in the USA.
				
				
			
			
				
					Tamaño / Peso / Age
				
				
				
					Madurez: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
 Max length : 4.8 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 5723); common length : 3.4 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 12193); edad máxima reportada: 2.00 años (Ref. 12193)				
				 
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				Adults occur in standing or slow-flowing water, usually in vegetation over mud (Ref. 5723); found in streams, swamps and oxbow lakes (Ref. 10294).  Feed on midge larvae and microcrustaceans, with isopods, amphipods, and mayfly nymphs important seasonally (Ref. 10294).  Eggs are found attached to the substrate unguarded (Ref. 7043).			
			 
			
			
			
				
					Life cycle and mating behavior					
					Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva				
				
				
				
				Eggs are found attached to the substrate unguarded (Ref. 7043).				
				 
			
			 
				
				
				
					Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
				
				 
			
			
			
							
					
						IUCN Red List Status   (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
					
					
				 
					
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				
					Threat to humans  
				
				
				
					  Harmless				
				
			 
			
			
			
			
				
					Human uses  				
				
				
									
				
				
			
			
						
			
			
			
				
Herramientas
				
			
			
			
				
Special reports
 
				
			
			
			
				
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					Fuentes de Internet
				
				
			
			
			
				
					Estimates based on models				
				
				
				
				
				
					
					Phylogenetic diversity index  (Referencia 
82804):  PD
50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].					
													Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00301 - 0.01516), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 
93245).
					
					Nivel trófico  (Referencia 
69278):  3.2   ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives					
											
				
				
										
						Resiliencia  (Referencia 
120179):  Alto, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo inferior a 15 meses (tmax=2; Fec=26-116).					
											
				
									
					Fishing Vulnerability  (Ref. 
59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100). 
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