分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cypriniformes (Carps) >
Leuciscidae (Minnows) > Laviniinae
Etymology: Lavinia: Lavinia, -ae, Latin = daughter of king Latino, married with Aeneas; mythology.
Eponymy: Girard gave no reasoning for his naming of this genus. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on authors: Baird & Girard.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的. 溫帶; 41°N - 36°N
North America: Sacramento-San Joaquin, Clear Lake, Russian River, and Pajaro-Salinas river drainages in California, USA. Three subspecies were previously recognized: Lavinia exilicauda chi in Clear Lake; Lavinia exilicauda harengus in Pajaro and Salinar River; and Lavinia exilicauda exilicauda in rest of the range.
北美洲: 清澈的湖 (湖縣) ，俄羅斯河, 薩克拉門托河-聖約昆河，舊金山與在美國加州的蒙德勒海灣流域。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 36.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年齡: 6 年 (Ref. 72462)
背的軟條 (總數) : 10 - 13; 臀鰭軟條: 11 - 13. Body deep and compressed; caudal peduncle tapering to narrow; caudal fin large; lateral line strongly decurved; head small, compressed, mouth terminal (slightly upturned); dorsal-fin origin behind pelvic-fin origin; scales on lateral line 54-62; dorsal fin with 10-13 rays; anal fin with 11-13 rays; pharyngeal teeth 0,5-4,0 or 0,5-5,0; brown-yellow above, scales on back and silver side darkly outlined (crosshatched pattern on small individuals); fins dusky; and small specimens with black caudal spot (Ref. 86798).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Occurs in lakes, ponds, sloughs, backwaters and sluggish sandy pools of small to large rivers (Ref. 5723, 86798).
出現於小型到大型河川的湖，池塘，泥坑，洄水區與滯流的沙地水池。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
北美洲: 清澈的湖 (湖縣) ，俄羅斯河, 薩克拉門托河-聖約昆河，舊金山與在美國加州的蒙德勒海灣流域。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 2011. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 663p. (Ref. 86798)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 24 February 2012
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00439 - 0.02869), b=3.04 (2.82 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 2.1 ±0.2 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
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