分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies)
鱸形目 (Cichlids, convict blennies) >
Cichlidae (Cichlids)
慈鯛科魚類 (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Rhamphochromis: Greek, rhamphos = bill, peak + Greek, chromis = a fish, perhaps a perch (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Günther.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 大洋性; 深度上下限 ? - 148 m (Ref. 55949). 熱帶; 9°N - 17°S
Africa: Endemic to Lake Malawi and upper Shire River.
非洲: 馬拉威湖的特有種與雪利河上游河。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ?, range 13 - ? cm
Max length : 28.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5595)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
Diagnosis: small, closely-packed teeth; relatively small maximum size; larger specimens often with bright greenish metallic iridescence on upper surface of the body, mature males can be more bluish-grey (Ref. 55949).
鑑別: 小又緊密的齒; 相當小的最大體長; 比較大的標本時常在身體的上表皮上有亮的呈綠色的金屬彩虹色, 成熟的雄性可能是更藍灰色的。 (參考文獻 55463)
描述: 超過大部分的小又流線型的魚具有較小的嘴與齒同屬的; 鰓蓋有相當大的表面區域與呈方形的外表; 頰的相當深的; 眼大的; 齒非常小的而且擠在一起; 鰓耙通常長的﹐不分枝的與緊密的.(參考文獻 55463)
體色 身體 countershaded, 深灰色的背面; 不成熟的魚與兩性的成熟魚可能有灰色的-白色或橘黃色的腹鰭; 在那裡在臀鰭上可能是 3-6個黃色或略帶桃色的卵斑點; 水族館保持的標本有時顯示模糊的狹窄縱帶。 (參考文獻 55463)
Found in reedy bays and lagoons, at open sandy beaches, throughout the shelf and reef zones (Ref. 55949), and in the open water (Ref. 5595, 55949). Piscivorous (Ref. 5595, 55949). Small specimens mostly feed on crustacean zooplankton, adults predominantly eat larvae and juveniles of small shoaling zooplanktivorous cyprinid Engraulicypris sardella; female mouthbrooder (Ref. 55949).
在大陸棚與礁區 (參考文獻 55463) 各處，在開放的沙灘，發現於蘆葦叢生的海灣與潟湖了, 與在開放水域中.(參考文獻 5595,55463) 以魚為食的.(參考文獻 5595,55463) 小的標本大部份吃甲殼類的浮游動物, 成魚主要吃小的淺灘嗜食浮游動物的鯉魚 沙丁鯷波魚〔Engraulicypris sardella〕 的仔魚與稚魚; 雌性的口孵者.(參考文獻 55463)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Mouthbrooding females and juveniles commonly found inshore, generally in surface water in the shelf and littoral zones, often in reed bays and lagoons (Ref. 55949).非洲: 馬拉威湖的特有種與雪利河上游河。
Maréchal, C., 1991. Rhamphochromis. p. 422-424. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5689)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
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網路資源
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 3.8 ±0.62 se; based on food items.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 165 [73, 296] mg/100g; Iron = 2.02 [1.02, 4.06] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [17.1, 21.9] %; Omega3 = 0.405 [0.147, 1.131] g/100g; Selenium = 67.1 [25.3, 215.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 59.9 [15.3, 178.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.65 [1.07, 2.56] mg/100g (wet weight);
