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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Boops: Greek, bous = caw + Greek, ops = appearance, 1854 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien demersaal; oceanodroom (Ref. 51243); diepte 0 - 350 m (Ref. 26999), usually 0 - 100 m (Ref. 26999). Subtropical; 63°N - 16°S, 30°W - 42°E (Ref. 54286)
Eastern Atlantic: Norway to Angola, including the Canary Islands, Cape Verde, and the Sao Tome-Principe Islands. Common from Bay of Biscay to Gibraltar (Ref. 4781). Also found in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm 13.6 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 115876); common length : 20.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 3397); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 455.00 g (Ref. 115876); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 11 Jaren (Ref. 58974)
Dorsale stekels (totaal): 13 - 15; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal): 12-16; Anale stekels 3; Anale zachte stralen: 14 - 16. Body slender, with 3 - 5 weak, golden longitudinal stripes and a black spot at the pectoral fin base (Ref. 35388).
Found on the shelf or coastal pelagic on various bottoms (sand, mud, rocks and seaweeds). Gregarious, ascending to the surface mainly at night. Omnivorous, feeding mainly on crustaceans, also planktophagous. Hermaphroditic, generally protogynous. Also caught in pelagic trawls (Ref. 9987). Utilized fresh and frozen; consumed pan-fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9987).
Conflicting descriptions of the reproductive style of this species have been reported, Ref. 34225 describe this species as being a gonochorist (Ref. 28504). Also Ref. 32206, 103751.
Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van groot commercieel belang; sportvis: ja; aas: usually
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11.7 - 27.7, mean 17.8 °C (based on 912 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00911 - 0.01097), b=3.01 (2.98 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 5.0 (4.1 - 6.4) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 23
growth studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.16-0.4; tm=1-2; Fec=395,000).
Prior r = 0.59, 95% CL = 0.39 - 0.89, Based on 13 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (6 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 76 [25, 186] mg/100g; Iron = 4.98 [1.39, 12.01] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.1, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.382 [0.240, 0.638] g/100g; Selenium = 31.9 [14.2, 70.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19.7 [5.2, 70.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 3.26 [0.90, 6.11] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
