Environment: milieu / climate zone / kisaran kedalaman / distribution range
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 2 - 275 m (Ref. 4727), usually 3 - 30 m (Ref. 40849). Tropical; ? - 28°C; 43°N - 35°S, 98°W - 14°E
Western and Eastern Atlantic.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Kematangan: Lm 23.0, range 20 - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 7251); common length : 30.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5217); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 5.4 kg (Ref. 4699); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 23 Tahun (Ref. 131113)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 3; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 29 - 32; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 27 - 29. Greenish or bluish gray on back, orange-yellow on lower part of head and abdomen, with two broad diagonal curved bright blue bands running from snout to below and in front of pectoral fins, the lowermost continuous with a blue ring around lips; a broad blue bar across caudal peduncle, and blue sub-marginal bands in median fins (Ref. 13442).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Found over rocky or coral areas (Ref. 5217). May form schools, sometimes solitary over sand and grassy areas. Feeds mainly on benthic invertebrates (Ref. 4727). It preys on sea urchins by blowing water to overturn it and then attacks it where the spines are short (Ref. 9710). Excellent food fish but occasionally can cause intoxication due to the liver.
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Poisonous to eat
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil; Ikan buruan: ya; Akuarium: Komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Acuan
123201): 22.5 - 28, mean 25.9 °C (based on 694 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02818 (0.02347 - 0.03385), b=2.91 (2.86 - 2.96), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Acuan
69278): 3.8 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (K=0.15; tm=2-4; tmax=23).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 26.5 [11.1, 71.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.509 [0.261, 1.159] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [17.5, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.147 [0.086, 0.260] g/100g; Selenium = 55.9 [27.7, 119.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 38.8 [10.7, 149.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.768 [0.513, 1.158] mg/100g (wet weight);
