Kali indica

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Kali indica Lloyd, 1909

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Kali indica   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Kali indica
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分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Scombriformes (Mackerels) > Chiasmodontidae (Snaketooth fishes)
Etymology: Kali: Named after Kali, a Hindu goddess..

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋 深海区的; 深度上下限 1000 - 3300 m (Ref. 75596), usually 1400 - 2500 m (Ref. 75596). 深水域; 16°N - 60°S (Ref. 75596)

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Circumglobal in equatorial, tropical, subtropical, temperate and subpolar regions: Atlantic Ocean (40° N to 40° S); Indian Ocean (from the type locality, 16°56’ N, 92°33’ E); Pacific Ocean (31° N to 43° S); Southern Ocean (50° S-60° S).
大西洋,印度洋與太平洋: 在熱帶與亞熱帶的水域中。 中東大西洋: 大約已知來自四個站 09個 ° N 到 18個 °S了, 未知的從本吉拉海流/幾內亞灣區域。 廣泛地已知來自散佈地點從在中大西洋西部中的在東太平洋到尤卡坦半島峽道中的外海下加利福尼亞延伸了。

大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 26.2 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 6944)

简单描述 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数): 11 - 14; 背的软条 (总数): 21-25; 臀棘 1; 臀鳍软条: 22 - 26. This species is distinguished from its congeners K. falx by the teeth in lateral series of premaxilla 7-11, caniniform, elongated, slightly curved, type 4, widely spaced (vs. teeth in lateral series of premaxilla 13-33; recurved, with ventral attachment, closely spaced in K. parri; needle-like, closely spaced in K. kerberti and K. macrodon and anterior part fourth of K. normani; caniniform but not very elongated in K. colubrina); first tooth of lateral series of premaxilla longest, with tight type 4 attachment (vs. first tooth of lateral series of premaxilla not remarkably enlarged, smaller than adjacent teeth, with loose types 4 attachment or with ventral attachment to bone); teeth in mesial series of premaxilla 3, fang-like (vs. 4 or 15; not fang-like in K. macrura, K. parri, K. colubrina); teeth in lateral series of dentary 6-8, very elongated, curved, type 4, widely spaced (vs. 12-32; recurved, with ventral attachment, closely spaced in K. parri, needle-like, closely spaced in K. kerberti and K. macrodon and anterior part fourth of K. normani; recurved in K. colubrina). This species can be further distinguished from K. falx by the larger eye, orbit width 15.4-22.7% and orbit height 12.5-18% in head length (vs. eye small, orbit width 11.2-16.0% and orbit height 9.7-12.4% in head length); basihyal elongated and straight, pointing forward (vs. basihyal reduced, strongly curved, pointing ventrally); first tooth in lateral series of premaxilla enlarged, 15.2-16.4 % in premaxillary length, slightly curved, not projecting anteriorly (vs. first tooth remarkably enlarged, 17.2-20.5% in premaxillary length, sickle-shaped, projecting anteriorly); first tooth in mesial series of premaxilla anterior to level of anterior nostril, and to second tooth of lateral series (vs. first tooth below level of anterior nostril, and beside second tooth of lateral series); first tooth in mesial series of dentary beside second tooth of lateral series (vs. first tooth between second and third teeth in lateral series) (Ref. 75596).

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

The shallowest depth record is based on a single Gargaropteron-staged individual which was taken in the Yucatan Channel, in 0-124 m (Museum: RHB 1290).

最水浅的深度记录是以在尤卡坦半岛峡道中采集的一个 Gargaropteron 举行的个体为依据, 在 0-124 公尺中 (博物馆: RHB 1290)。

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

大西洋,印度洋與太平洋: 在熱帶與亞熱帶的水域中。 中東大西洋: 大約已知來自四個站 09個 ° N 到 18個 °S了, 未知的從本吉拉海流/幾內亞灣區域。 廣泛地已知來自散佈地點從在中大西洋西部中的在東太平洋到尤卡坦半島峽道中的外海下加利福尼亞延伸了。

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : Paxton, John | 合作者

Melo, M.R.S., 2008. The genus Kali Lloyd (Chiasmodontidae: Teleostei) with description of new two species, and the revalidation of K. kerberti Weber. Zootaxa 1747:1-33. (Ref. 75596)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  最不相关 (LC) ; Date assessed: 14 July 2014

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的





人类利用

渔业: 没有兴趣
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 1.8 - 4.2, mean 2.5 °C (based on 2804 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5078   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  3.8   ±0.2 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (22 of 100).