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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / نطاق العمق / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; مياه مخلوطة مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 1 - 60 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 31°N - 27°S, 31°E - 136°W (Ref. 55)
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to the Marquesas and Line islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to Australia.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
النضج: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 55); common length : 50.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 55)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 10; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 13 - 14; شوكة شرجية: 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 8 - 9. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body moderately deep to somewhat slender; greatest depth 2.6-3.0 in SL; preopercular notch and knob poorly developed; vomerine tooth patch crescentic, without a medial posterior extension; tongue smooth, no teeth; gill rakers of first gill arch 7 + 11-12 = 18-19 (including rudiments); caudal fin truncate to slightly emarginate; scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Colour generally whitish to pinkish with dusky scale margins; grey or brown on upper back and dorsal portion of head, a black spot, sometimes faint or absent, on back below anterior soft dorsal-fin rays (in juveniles, the spot is round and gradually shrinking and becoming horizontally elongate with increased growth); fins yellowish (Ref. 9821, 90102).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Adults inhabit coral reef areas, usually close to shelter in the form of caves, large coral formations and wreckage. Usually solitary; occasionally occurring in small groups. They feed mainly on fishes and benthic crustaceans, primarily crabs (Ref. 37816) at night. Flesh is sometimes ciguatoxic, and commonly so in Tuvalu (Ref. 9513).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
خطر للأنسان
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 4690)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; الأستزراع المائي: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (مرجع
123201): 24.8 - 29.1, mean 28.1 °C (based on 1352 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.00942 - 0.02323), b=2.94 (2.82 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع
69278): 4.3 ±0.74 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
المرونه (مرجع
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (K=0.22).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 27.9 [17.4, 42.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.323 [0.208, 0.534] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [17.3, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.139 [0.094, 0.206] g/100g; Selenium = 55.7 [33.2, 89.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 214 [40, 853] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.431 [0.329, 0.600] mg/100g (wet weight);
