分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods)
鱈形目 (Cods) >
Lotidae (Hakes and burbots)
江鱈科 (Hakes and burbots)
Etymology:
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 150 - 1000 m (Ref. 54594), usually 350 - 500 m (Ref. 54594). 溫帶; 79°N - 29°N, 65°W - 44°E (Ref. 54594)
Northeast Atlantic: Southwestern Barents Sea, sometimes north to Spitsbergen, southeastern Greenland, southern coast of Iceland, around the British Isles and south to Morocco and into the western Mediterranean. Northwest Atlantic: Newfoundland.
東北大西洋: 西南方的巴倫支海,有時北至斯匹次卑爾根群島，東南方的格陵蘭，冰島的南部海岸, 英國島的周圍而且南至摩洛哥與進入地中海之內。 西北大西洋: 紐芬蘭。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 86.5 range ? - 88 cm
Max length : 155 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 1371); 最大體重: 30.0 kg (Ref. 35388); 最大年齡: 20 年 (Ref. 1371)
背棘 (總數): 0; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 70 - 81. Lower jaw longer than upper jaw; barbel shorter than eye diameter. Back gray-brown, grading to white ventrally. Posterior portions of vertical fins dark with pale margins.
下頜比上頜長; 觸鬚短於眼直徑。 背面灰褐色, 漸層色到腹側白色的。 垂直的鰭的在後部部分深色且有灰白的邊緣。
Found mostly from 350-500 m depth on muddy bottoms. Feed on crustaceans and fish (flatfishes, gobies, rocklings) (Ref. 1371).
在泥底部上從 350-500 公尺深大部分發現於了。 吃甲殼類動物和魚類 (比目魚，鰕虎魚 , rocklings) 。 (參考文獻 1371)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
東北大西洋: 西南方的巴倫支海,有時北至斯匹次卑爾根群島，東南方的格陵蘭，冰島的南部海岸, 英國島的周圍而且南至摩洛哥與進入地中海之內。 西北大西洋: 紐芬蘭。
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 2.1 - 14.1, mean 6.3 °C (based on 199 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00302 (0.00169 - 0.00538), b=3.03 (2.87 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.13-0.16; tm=8-11; tmax=20).
Prior r = 0.35, 95% CL = 0.23 - 0.52, Based on 4 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16.4 [8.1, 35.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.278 [0.142, 0.592] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [15.8, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.381 [0.204, 0.707] g/100g; Selenium = 29.8 [15.2, 59.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.9 [2.7, 40.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.305 [0.198, 0.473] mg/100g (wet weight);
