Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (hajar och rockor) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Mobulidae (Devilrays)
Etymology:

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina; havsvandrande (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 0 - 15 m (Ref. 58018). Tropical; 32°N - 7°S, 114°W - 77°W (Ref. 114953)

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: From Gulf of California to Peru, incl. the Galapagos Is. (Ref. 130539).

Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 220 cm WD hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 28023); common length : 100.0 cm WD hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 9256)

Pelagic species forming schools in coastal and oceanic waters, but also found near the bottom. Found singly, in small groups, or in schools (Ref. 12951). Feeds mainly on planktonic crustaceans, but also takes small schooling fishes (Ref. 12951). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Gestation period unknown (Ref. 114953).

Life cycle and mating behavior Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

McEachran, J.D. and G. Notarbartolo di Sciara, 1995. Mobulidae. Mantas, diablos. p. 759-764. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para los Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9256)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Sårbar, se IUCNs rödlista (VU) (A2d+3d); Date assessed: 09 November 2018

CITES

Appendix II: International trade monitored

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Appendix I & II: Endangered migratory species conserved through agreements

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fiskeri: kommersiell

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Ytterligare information

Länder
FAO områden
Ekosystem
Förekomster
Utplanteringar
Stocks
Ekologi
Föda
Födoslag
Födointag
Näringsinnehåll

Populärnamn
synonymer
Metabolik
Predatorer
Ekotoxikologi
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Lek
Spawning aggregation
Fecundity
Ägg
Egg development

Age/Size
Tillväxt
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morfometri
Morfologi
Larver
Larvdynamik
Rekrytering
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BRUVS

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Otoliths
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Syn

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 22.2 - 28.5, mean 23.5 °C (based on 368 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.8 ±0.60 se; based on food items.

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (Fec assumed to be <100).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (85 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Mobula munkiana Notarbartolo-di-Sciara, 1987