Environment: milieu / climate zone / distribuzione batimetrica / distribution range
Ecologia
; acqua dolce; salmastro demersale; pH range: 7.0 - 25.0; dH range: 10 - 15; distribuzione batimetrica 0 - ? m (Ref. 55225), usually 0 - ? m (Ref. 55225). Subtropical; 12°C - 20°C (Ref. 2060); 48°N - 23°N, 99°W - 69°W (Ref. 55225)
North and Central America: Atlantic Slope from Delaware River in New Jersey to central Florisa; St. Lawrence River in Quebec through Great Lakes and Mississippi River basin to Red River (Hudson Bay basin), North Dakota, and south to Louisiana; Gulf Slope drainages from central Florida to Rio Grande drainage in Texas and Mexico.
Length at first maturity / Size / Peso / Age
Maturità: Lm 66.9 range ? - 80 cm
Max length : 200 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 40637); common length : 17.5 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 12193); peso massimo pubblicato: 22.8 kg (Ref. 4699); Età massima riportata: 36 anni (Ref. 12193)
Spine dorsali (totale) : 0; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 6 - 9; Spine anali: 0; Raggi anali molli: 8 - 10. Long narrow snout. Olivaceous brown above and white below. Dark spots on median fins and on body (Ref. 37032). Scales ganoid: thin bony scutes on leading edges of unpaired fins, and on both edges of caudal fin (Ref. 4639).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: circular.
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Adults occur in sluggish pools, backwaters and oxbows of medium to large rivers, and lakes (Ref. 10294). Usually found near vegetation. Occasionally found in brackish waters. Spawning occur in freshwater and possibly slightly brackish water (Ref. 4639). Migrate up rivers during the spawning season (Ref. 4639). Eggs and larvae are demersal and adhesive (Ref. 4639). Voracious predator, feeding on various fishes and crustaceans. The roe is poisonous.
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Human uses
Pesca: scarso interesse commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si; Acquario: Acquari pubblici
Strumenti
Special reports
Download XML
Fonti Internet
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Fonte Biblio.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5801 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00126 (0.00061 - 0.00262), b=3.19 (2.99 - 3.39), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Fonte Biblio.
69278): 4.2 ±0.73 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 9.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio.
120179): Basso, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 4.5 - 14 anni (tm=3-6; tmax=36; Fec=1,110).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (63 of 100).
🛈
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 36.9 [20.7, 68.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.887 [0.535, 1.485] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.7, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.266 [0.160, 0.452] g/100g; Selenium = 48.4 [27.2, 91.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.85 [2.62, 18.68] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.456 [0.333, 0.653] mg/100g (wet weight);
