Teleostei (teleosts) > 
Syngnathiformes (Pipefishes and seahorses) > 
Syngnathidae (Pipefishes and seahorses) > Syngnathinae						
							
							Etymology: Halicampus: Greek, als, alis = salt + Greek, kampe = bend (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: John Edward Gray (1800–1875) was a British ornithologist and entomologist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Kaup.						
					
				
					Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range					
						Ecology					
				
				
				
					Marine; brackish;  reef-associated; depth range ? - 100 m (Ref. 48635). Tropical				
				 
			
			
			
				
				
				
					Indo-West Pacific:  Gulf of Aden, off Sri Lanka, and from the Gulf of Thailand and Australia to Kyûshû Islands, Japan.
				
				
			
			
				
					Size / Weight / Age
				
				
				
					Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
 Max length : 20.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5316)				
				 
			
			
						
				
					Short description					
					Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics					
				
				
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				Adults live in muddy habitats, often covered with silt and extremely well-camouflaged (Ref. 48635).  Planktonic specimens taken in the upper 0 to 100 m over depths to at least 2980 m while the demersal fish have been taken in SCUBA and trawl collections from 9 to 91.4 m.  Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205).  Males exhibit parental care by incubating and guarding the eggs in their brood pouch (Ref. 43081).			
			 
			
			
			
				
					Life cycle and mating behavior					
					Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae				
				
				
				
				Males carry the eggs in the brood pouch (Ref. 205).				
				 
			
			 
				
				
				
					Dawson, C.E., 1985. Indo-Pacific pipefishes (Red Sea to the Americas). The Gulf Coast Research Laboratory Ocean Springs, Mississippi, USA. (Ref. 5316)
				
				 
			
			
			
							
					
						IUCN Red List Status   (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
					
					
				 
					
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				
					Threat to humans  
				
				
				
					  Harmless				
				
			 
			
			
			
			
				
					Human uses  				
				
				
									
				
				
			
			
						
			
			
			
				
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					Estimates based on models				
				
				
				Preferred temperature (Ref. 
123201): 24.3 - 29, mean 27.8 °C (based on 1194 cells).
				
				
					
					Phylogenetic diversity index  (Ref. 
82804):  PD
50 = 0.5002   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].					
													Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00037 (0.00016 - 0.00085), b=3.18 (2.99 - 3.37), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 
93245).
					
					Trophic level  (Ref. 
69278):  3.3   ±0.44 se; based on food items.					
											
				
				
										
						Resilience  (Ref. 
120179):  High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).					
											
				
									
					Fishing Vulnerability  (Ref. 
59153):  Low vulnerability (14 of 100). 
🛈					
						Nutrients  (Ref. 
124155):  Calcium = 84.8 [48.1, 169.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.726 [0.429, 1.210] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [17.0, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.137 [0.081, 0.247] g/100g; Selenium = 37.9 [19.4, 89.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 74 [25, 221] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.71 [1.17, 2.39] mg/100g (wet weight);