Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 1 - 10 m (Ref. 58302). Temperate; 41°N - 22°N, 117°E - 154°W
Northwest Pacific: Japan, Korea, Taiwan. Eastern Central Pacific: Hawaii. Introduced in Mediterranean Sea: Records from Malta (Ref. 95772); North Adriatic Sea, Gulf of Trieste, Italy (Ref. 106699); YYY (Ref. YYY in press, 2016).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 80.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 559); max. published weight: 6.4 kg (Ref. 40637)
Inhabits coastal rocky reefs (Ref. 43239). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Juveniles associate with drifting seaweed (Ref. 12114, 12115, 58302).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Nakabo, T., 2002. Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species, English edition II. Tokai University Press, Japan, pp 867-1749. (Ref. 43239)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 125652)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes
More information
Common namesSynonymsMetabolismPredatorsEcotoxicologyReproductionMaturitySpawningSpawning aggregationFecundityEggsEgg development
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsAllele frequenciesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingNutrientsMass conversion
Tools
Special reports
Download XML
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 16.1 - 25.2, mean 22 °C (based on 329 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01995 (0.00906 - 0.04395), b=3.01 (2.83 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this BS (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Resilience
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100) .
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): (0 of 100) .
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 10.3 [5.2, 17.8] mg/100g ; Iron = 0.199 [0.109, 0.331] mg/100g ; Protein = 19.7 [18.6, 20.8] % ; Omega3 = 0.284 [0.161, 0.507] g/100g ; Selenium = 12.1 [5.6, 26.8] μg/100g ; VitaminA = 18 [4, 73] μg/100g ; Zinc = 0.461 [0.291, 0.723] mg/100g (wet weight);